带带的蒙古斯群体间竞赛中的集体自我评估
C W Rayner1, P A Green2, K L Hunt1
1Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom.
概括
带状蒙古群参与资源竞争,但与之前的假设不同,他们使用自我评估,而不是相互评估,来决定是否升级冲突. 这一发现为动物群冲突动态提供了新的见解.
科学领域:
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 在自然界中,资源竞争是常见的,在动物中推动冲突升级策略.
- 虽然一对一 (双向) 冲突评估得到了很好的研究,但小组级 (集团间) 评估策略的理解很少.
- 相互评估通常被认为是群体间冲突,但经验证据很少.
研究的目的:
- 调查动物群体在群体间比赛中使用的评估策略.
- 为了测试在集团间冲突中普遍存在的相互评估假设.
- 为了确定自我评估或相互评估是否更好地解释带状袋鼠的冲突升级.
主要方法:
- 利用了 21 年的数据集,在乌干达的野生带状蒙古斯 (Mungos mungo) 种群中进行了 633 次跨组比赛.
- 分析了比赛数据,以评估自我评估和相互评估模型的预测.
- 专注于群体规模和对手群体力量作为影响升级决策的关键变量.
主要成果:
- 结果强烈支持带状袋鼠群体间冲突的自我评估模型.
- 拥有更多男性的群体更有可能升级冲突,无论对手群体的力量如何.
- 这与常见的假设相反,即集团内部冲突决策依赖于相互评估.
结论:
- 在决定升级群体间冲突时,带状蒙古群似乎依赖自我评估而不是相互评估.
- 评估竞争对手的群体力量可能是太昂贵或困难的在活跃的冲突中比评估自己的群体力量.
- 了解这些评估动态对于解释跨社会物种的群体间冲突升级至关重要.
相关概念视频
Band Theory
17.2K
When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
The energy difference between these bands is known as the band gap.
Conductor, Semiconductor,...
The energy difference between these bands is known as the band gap.
Conductor, Semiconductor,...
17.2K
Energy Bands in Solids
2.0K
Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
Band Formation:
When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states...
Band Formation:
When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states...
2.0K
Data Collection II
10.0K
The nursing history captures and records the patient's health status, so that a care plan evolves to meet the patient's individual needs. The nursing health history is a part of the initial assessment. A comprehensive history covers all health dimensions and plays a significant role in the assessment process. A comprehensive history includes the patient's biographical information, reasons for seeking health care, expectations, present and past health history, medications, and...
10.0K
Data Collection I
8.3K
Data collection gathers information needed to make accurate judgments about a patient's present condition. During a health history interview, subjective data is collected from the patient, their caregivers, or family members, and objective data is collected through observations and physical assessment. Patients are the primary source of subjective data. Thus information gathered from patients through interviews, observations, and physical examination is primary data. Secondary sources of...
8.3K
Data Collection by Experiments
27.5K
Data collection is a systematic method of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. An experimental study is a standard method of data collection that involves the manipulation of the samples by applying some form of treatment prior to data collection. It refers to manipulating one variable to determine its changes on another variable. The sample subjected to treatment is known as “experimental units.”
An example of the experimental method is a public...
An example of the experimental method is a public...
27.5K
Data Collection by Survey
9.0K
The systematic method of obtaining and analyzing accurate information of a population is called data collection. A survey is a standard method of data collection that involves collecting information from a target human population about their experience, opinion, or knowledge of a product, service, or process. The responses are recorded and interpreted. The most common survey examples are written questionnaires, face-to-face or telephonic conversations, focus groups, and electronic (e-mail or...
9.0K


