2020年瓶装水相关非病毒性肝炎疫情中微量氨酸的风险评估
Blake M Deckard1, Kylie M McCauley1, Michael E Stevens1
1TRC Strategic Health Sciences Division, Jackson, WY, USA.
Critical reviews in toxicology
|January 30, 2026
概括
2020年与Real Water相关的肝炎爆发可能有未知的原因,因为瓶装水中的水暴露量太低,无法解释肝脏损伤. 具体的致病因子仍未确定.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在2020年8月至12月期间,内华达州和加利福尼亚州发生了非病毒性肝炎的重大爆发.
- 疫情导致21人住院,18人进入ICU,1人死亡,Real Water的化瓶装水被确定为可能的来源.
研究的目的:
- 在疫情爆发期间,对因饮用"真实水"而暴露于水的定量风险评估.
- 确定真水中检测到的氨酸水平是否可以解释观察到的肝炎病例.
主要方法:
- 根据年龄,性别,体重和实体水中的测量氨酸度,估计每天的氨酸摄入量.
- 根据异化 (INH) 研究的毒理学数据,开发了对水的次慢性可接受每日摄入量 (ADI).
- 针对不同人口群体计算的危险系数 (HQs).
主要成果:
- 在所有人口群体中,估计的素摄入量明显低于ADI,最高的HQ为0.12.
- 实际水中的氨酸度从平均0.0505毫克/升到最大0.3毫克/升不等.
- 来自氨酸暴露的计算风险低于通常与不良健康影响相关的水平.
结论:
- 通过Real Water消费而暴露于氨酸不太可能导致在疫情期间观察到的严重肝损伤.
- 这些发现支持疾病控制中心 (CDC) 的结论,即肝炎爆发的确切原因仍未确定.
- 需要进一步调查,以确定导致真水相关性肝炎爆发的病因病因.
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