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相关概念视频

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

8.3K
Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
367
Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
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Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
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Nuclear Binding Energy02:13

Nuclear Binding Energy

14.8K
The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons are bound...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Computed Tomography-guided Time-domain Diffuse Fluorescence Tomography in Small Animals for Localization of Cancer Biomarkers
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Computed Tomography-guided Time-domain Diffuse Fluorescence Tomography in Small Animals for Localization of Cancer Biomarkers

Published on: July 17, 2012

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用零喷射率进行核子断层扫描.

Shen Fang1, Shuo Lin2, Ding Yu Shao1,3

  • 1Fudan University, Department of Physics, Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Shanghai 200433, China.

Physical review letters
|January 30, 2026
PubMed
概括

这项研究引入了一种使用零喷射的新方法,以更好地测量核子.

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Micropatterning Transmission Electron Microscopy Grids to Direct Cell Positioning within Whole-Cell Cryo-Electron Tomography Workflows
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Micropatterning Transmission Electron Microscopy Grids to Direct Cell Positioning within Whole-Cell Cryo-Electron Tomography Workflows

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科学领域:

  • 高能物理 高能物理
  • 量子色态动力学 量子色态动力学
  • 粒子物理学 粒子物理学

背景情况:

  • 探测核子的内部结构对于理解量子染色动力学至关重要.
  • 横向动量依赖 (TMD) 的可观测物对核子的三维结构很敏感.
  • 初始状态辐射使得从实验数据中提取TMD信息变得复杂.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种新的策略来隔离核子内在的非扰动的三维结构.
  • 为了提高 W 和 Z 玻色子生产中横向单旋不对称性 (SSA) 的测量.
  • 为了方便对Sivers函数的预测符号变化进行更明确的测试.

主要方法:

  • 在TMD可观测物中使用零喷射作为对抑制初始状态辐射的否决权.
  • 将该方法应用于相对重离子碰撞器 (RHIC) 的W^{±}和Z^{0}玻色子生产.
  • 在一个共同的总结框架内制定分析,以处理大对数.

主要成果:

  • 证明了对不对称信号的实质性增强,例如,在q_{}=5GeV时为W^{-} SSA的115%,q_{}=5GeV.
  • 显示实验灵敏度的显著净收益,即使考虑到统计成本.
  • 证实了该方法对Sivers函数信号变化的更明确测试的潜力.

结论:

  • 拟议的零喷射策略有效地隔离了非扰动性核子结构.
  • 这种方法显著提高了RHIC和未来电子离子碰撞器 (EIC) 旋转依赖测量的灵敏度.
  • 这种方法提供了一个强大的工具,可以帮助我们更好地理解核子的内部动力学.