动物中的困难杆菌感染:文献综述
Francisco A Uzal1, Mauricio A Navarro2, Javier Asin1
1California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory-San Bernardino Branch, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 105 W Central Ave, San Bernardino, California, USA.
Anaerobe
|January 30, 2026
概括
困难菌感染 (CDI) 影响人类和各种动物,通常与抗生素有关,但越来越多地没有这种关联. 需要进一步的研究来确认CDI是否是一种物种间可传播的动物性疾病.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 困难菌 (Clostridioides difficile) 是一种影响人类和许多动物物种,包括马和猪的细菌.
- 这种细菌经常在健康动物的胃肠道中发现,其在疾病中的作用通常是未知的.
- 传统上,动物的Clostridioides difficile感染 (CDI) 主要与抗生素使用有关,尽管非抗生素相关的病例正在出现.
研究的目的:
- 审查各种动物物种中Clostridioides difficile感染 (CDI) 的患病率,关联和潜在的动物性感染性.
- 突出不同动物种群中CDI的不同临床表现和风险因素.
- 讨论关于CDI的动物感染潜力的现有证据.
主要方法:
- 对动物中Clostridioides difficile的研究的文献综述.
- 分析不同物种中报告的CDI病例,重点关注临床症状和危险因素.
- 评估支持或反驳CDI动物传播的证据.
主要成果:
- CDI影响了广泛的动物,包括马,猪和小哺乳动物.
- 虽然经常与抗生素相关,但在没有先前接触抗生素的动物中,特别是猪中,越来越多地报告了CDI.
- 在猪中,CDI主要影响新生动物,与大多数其他物种不同,年龄不是一个重要的因素.
- 马匹表现出高CDI患病率,除了抗生素之外还有多种易感因素,如同时感染和住院治疗.
- 尽管越来越多的建议,CDI作为动物病的确切证据仍然有限.
结论:
- 困难菌感染在动物物种中呈现出不同的临床图像和危险因素.
- 不与抗生素相关的CDI的发生率越来越高,其在特定动物群体中的流行率需要进一步调查.
- 虽然怀疑,但Clostridioides difficile动物传播的确证据仍然缺乏,需要继续研究.
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