对自闭症谱的过渡年龄青少年的抗精神病药物处方
Teal W Benevides1, Jessica Rast2, Brian Lee2
1School of Public Health, Department of Community and Behavioral Health Sciences, Augusta University, 2500 Walton Way, Science Hall W-3016, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. tbenevides@augusta.edu.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|January 31, 2026
概括
抗精神病药物处方在自闭症青少年中很高,特别是那些有智力障碍 (ID) 的青少年. 在这个群体中,非标签使用最常见,突出了进一步研究和纵向研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 心理药理学 心理药理学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和智力障碍 (ID) 是神经发育状况,经常同时发生.
- 过渡年龄的青少年和年轻人代表了医疗保健管理和药物使用的关键时期.
- 抗精神病药物经常被处方用于与这些疾病相关的行为挑战.
研究的目的:
- 在过渡年龄的自闭症青少年 (有或没有ID) 中,与只有ID的青少年和对照组相比,确定抗精神病药物处方率 (在标签上或非标签上).
- 确定给过渡年龄青年处方的抗精神病药物的类型以及影响其处方的因素.
主要方法:
- 对2019年美国医疗补助数据进行了横截面分析.
- 评估了14-29岁的四组:患有ID的自闭症青少年,没有ID的自闭症青少年,只有ID的组,以及没有自闭症或ID的对照组.
- 评估了典型和非典型抗精神病药物的处方模式.
主要成果:
- 几乎一半的ID的自闭症青少年接受了抗精神病药物 (45%),明显高于没有ID的自闭症青少年 (22%),仅ID的青少年 (19%) 和对照 (3%).
- 非标签的抗精神病药物处方在ID的自闭症青年中最为普遍.
- 年轻成人 (18-29岁) 比青少年 (14-17岁) 更容易接受抗精神病药物.
结论:
- 抗精神病药物处方在具有发育障碍的人群中特别高,特别是那些患有智障的人群.
- 对处方原因和处方者的特征进行进一步调查是有必要的.
- 长度研究对于了解抗精神病药物在自闭症患者一生中的短期和长期影响至关重要.
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