荷兰猪感染沙门氏菌的来源:流行病学风险因素和基于亚型的来源归因
Hester Bloem1, Indra Bergval1, Tryntsje Cuperus1
1National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, the Netherlands.
Preventive veterinary medicine
|January 31, 2026
概括
在猪群中有效控制沙门氏菌需要了解病原体的传播. 这项研究发现,猪对猪的传播是主要的来源,牛也对多种养殖场的沙门氏菌引入有所贡献.
科学领域:
- 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- 微生物来源归因的方法
- 控制和控制猪病 控制和控制猪病
背景情况:
- 在养猪业中控制沙门氏菌对于动物健康和食品安全至关重要.
- 识别病原体引入途径对于有效的农场管理至关重要.
- 之前的研究强调了猪群中沙门氏菌传播动态的复杂性.
研究的目的:
- 确定与肥猪养殖场的沙门氏菌存在相关的流行病学风险因素.
- 用微生物亚型和来源归因模型确定猪中的沙门氏菌感染的主要来源.
- 评估不同动物物种对猪群沙门氏菌污染的贡献.
主要方法:
- 涉及148个荷兰肥猪养殖场的横截面研究.
- 采集和微生物学测试猪便样本.
- 使用后勤回归进行农场级风险因素分析.
- 使用修改的荷兰 (mDM) 和修改的哈尔德 (mHM) 模型对沙门氏菌分离物的微生物亚型和来源归因.
主要成果:
- 观察到农场范围内的沙门氏菌发病率为9.5%.
- 减少沙门氏菌存在的关键风险因素包括分批之间清洁和较晚的断奶年龄.
- 牛在农场的存在显著增加了沙门氏菌的几率.
- 来源归因模型确定其他猪为主要来源 (43.0% mDM,72.6% mHM),其次是牛 (22.6% mDM,11.0% mHM).
结论:
- 猪对猪的传播是肥猪中沙门氏菌的主要来源.
- 牛是沙门氏菌进入猪群的重要来源,特别是在多种养殖场.
- 实施改善的卫生实践和猪仔移动的战略管理可以减轻沙门氏菌的风险.
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