时间变化和对2型糖尿病的遗传敏感性 (1984-2019; HUNT):一个纵向,基于人口的研究
Vera Vik Bjarkø1, Brooke N Wolford2, Eirin B Haug2
1HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology
|January 31, 2026
概括
社会变化正在扩大2型糖尿病患病率的差距. 具有高遗传易感性的个体不成比例地受到影响,这凸显了公共卫生干预措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 从1990年到2020年,全球2型糖尿病患病率几乎翻了一番.
- 遗传易感性增加了2型糖尿病的风险,但环境因素可能会改变这种情况.
- 社会变化可能会影响遗传风险群体的2型糖尿病患病率.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会变化如何影响不同遗传易感性个体的2型糖尿病患病率.
- 检查时间,遗传风险和年龄与糖尿病患病率之间的相互作用.
- 通过分析糖尿病发病率和死亡率来探索潜在的机制.
主要方法:
- 使用四个HUNT研究调查 (1984-2019) 进行了基于人口的纵向研究.
- 包括86,194名年龄在20-79岁之间的参与者;通过自我报告和葡萄糖/HbA1c评估的糖尿病.
- 使用多基因分数 (PGS) 测定2型糖尿病的多基因分数 (PGS) 测定超过110万种变异,以确定遗传易感性.
主要成果:
- 从20世纪80年代中期到2010年代末,糖尿病患病率在顶部遗传易感度分位数 (9.1个百分点) 显著增加,而在底部 (0.4个百分点) 增加.
- 高基因易感性和低基因易感性之间的糖尿病患病率差异随着时间的推移在所有年龄组中扩大.
- 在具有高遗传易感性的年轻成年人 (20-39岁) 中观察到糖尿病发病率增加.
结论:
- 在基因易感和不易感的个体之间存在着2型糖尿病患病率的差距越来越大.
- 具有高度遗传敏感的个体可能更容易受到糖尿病引起的环境的影响.
- 公共卫生战略对于解决2型糖尿病患病率日益增加的差异至关重要.
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