间隔癌症,灵敏度和特异性比较人工智能支持的乳房学查与在MASAI研究中没有人工智能的标准双读:一个随机的,受控的,非劣势的,单盲的,基于人口的,查准确性试验
Jessie Gommers1, Veronica Hernström2, Viktoria Josefsson2
1Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 31, 2026
概括
哺乳镜查中的人工智能 (AI) 没有增加间隔癌症,也没有提高检测灵敏度. 人工智能支持的查为标准的双重阅读提供了可行的替代方案,提高了整体性能.
科学领域:
- 放射学和医学成像学 医学成像学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 在提高乳房扫描查准确度和减少放射科医生的工作量方面表现有前途.
- 人工智能对间隔癌症发病率的影响,这是查有效性的关键指标,仍然在很大程度上未知.
- 这项研究解决了与传统查方法相比,评估人工智能对间隔癌症的影响的需要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较人工智能支持的乳房扫描与没有人工智能的标准双重读取间隔乳腺癌的比率.
- 评估二次结果,包括间隔癌症特征,敏感性和特异性.
- 为了确定人工智能支持的查是否与预防间隔癌症的标准实践不逊色.
主要方法:
- 一个瑞典随机,受控,非劣势试验,涉及基于人口的查准确性.
- 参与者被分为1:1进行人工智能支持的查或标准双重阅读.
- 主要结局是间隔癌症率,分析时使用20%的非劣势率.
主要成果:
- 与对照组 (1.76/1000) 相比,人工智能组的间隔癌症率非劣势 (1.55/1000),非劣势比率为0.88 (p=0.41).
- 人工智能支持的查显示了更高的灵敏度 (80.5%与73.8%,p=0.031) 与类似的特异性 (98.5%).
- 描述性地说,在人工智能支持的组中观察到的侵入性和攻击性间隔癌症较少.
结论:
- 与标准的双重读数相比,人工智能支持的乳房学查在间隔癌症率方面不逊色,并且在灵敏度方面优越.
- 人工智能的实施导致了较少的间隔癌症与不利的特征,并减少了放射科医生的工作量.
- 人工智能支持的乳房造影查为增强临床实践和提高查性能提供了一个有希望的方法.
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