通过基于SARIMA的患者数量预测优化PACU护理资源配置:来自中国一家三级医院的案例研究 (2020-2021年)
Juan Xiong1,2, Ping Tu3, Zhi Hao Li3
1Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
BMC health services research
|January 31, 2026
概括
一个季节性自动回归集成移动平均 (SARIMA) 模型准确地预测了每日麻醉后护理单位 (PACU) 患者的入院情况. 该模型有助于优化护理人员的分配,以提高效率.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健 运营 研究 研究 研究
- 时间序列预测时间序列预测
- 临床信息学 临床信息学
背景情况:
- 准确预测患者的入院情况对于高效的医疗保健资源管理至关重要.
- 麻醉后护理单位 (PACU) 的患者流量可能非常多变,这对人员构成挑战.
- 现有的预测方法可能无法充分捕捉PACU录取的时间动态.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一个季节性自动回归集成移动平均值 (SARIMA) 模型,用于预测每天的PACU患者入院.
- 评估模型在优化护理人员分配方面的有用性.
- 将SARIMA模型的性能与长短期记忆 (LSTM) 神经网络进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在14个月的时间内,对16637名患者的每日入院数据进行分析.
- 使用培训和测试数据集进行五次滚动交叉验证的SARIMA模型的开发和验证.
- 基于Akaike信息标准 (AIC) 和贝叶斯信息标准 (BIC) 的模型选择,并进行残余诊断.
- 将SARIMA模型的性能与LSTM基准进行比较,并模拟护士人员调整.
主要成果:
- 最优的SARIMA(1,0,2)(0,1,2)7模型显示出强大的预测准确性 (平均RMSE: 14.53,MAE: 11.14,R2: 0.75).
- 萨里马模型的表现明显超过了LSTM基准 (RMSE:15.51,R2:0.483).
- 工作人员模拟表明,在32.1%的日内,可能会减少人员过剩,同时确保安全的患者覆盖.
结论:
- 萨里马模型为PACU患者入院提供准确可靠的短期预测.
- 它作为一个有价值的决策支持工具,可以优化护理人员的安排和资源分配.
- 与LSTM相比,SARIMA模型在这种临床环境中为PACU预测提供了更高的性能和实用性.
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