依赖野生动物管理:补偿计划如何建立信任和感知控制,以维持与波兰棕熊的共存
Carlos Bautista1, Alberto García-Rodríguez2,3, Teresa Berezowska-Cnota2
1Institute of Nature Conservation of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland. carlos@iop.krakow.pl.
对棕熊对蜂巢造成损害的赔偿可以增加养蜂人对管理的信心. 然而,培养耐受性和感知控制是有效的大食肉动物保护和共存战略的关键.
科学领域:
- 野生动物保护科学 野生动物保护科学
- 人类与野生动物之间的冲突解决方案
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
背景情况:
- 欧洲的大型食肉动物的恢复经常导致人与野生动物的冲突,特别是与农业部门的冲突.
- 牲畜和农业损失的补偿计划是常见的,但它们在促进容忍和支持保护方面的有效性尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查棕熊 (Ursus arctos) 对蜜蜂巢的破坏对波兰卡尔巴斯山脉蜜蜂养殖者容忍度和保护支持的影响.
- 分析对损害和补偿的情感和认知反应如何影响共存策略.
主要方法:
- 在波兰卡尔巴斯山脉棕熊存在的地区调查养蜂者.
- 使用统计建模来检查损害,赔偿,风险感知,信任,容忍和保护支持之间的关系.
- 评估对人熊互动的情绪和认知反应.
主要成果:
- 经历棕熊损害并获得赔偿与增加风险感知和对野生动物管理的信任有关.
- 低容忍度和高恐惧与对熊的负面行为意图有关.
- 保护支持与蜜蜂养殖者更高的耐受性和更强的控制感有关.
结论:
- 有效的共存策略应侧重于非致命的方法,以尽量减少与大型食肉动物相关的风险.
- 在保护当局和受影响社区之间建立信任至关重要.
- 在利益相关者中培养一种控制感可以加强对保护工作的支持,并改善人类与野生动物的共存.
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