噪音对普通温带河口鱼的行为和微生物群的影响
Brittney Valenzisi1, Troy F Gaston1, Miles Parsons2
1University of Newcastle, Ourimbah Campus, NSW, 2258, Australia.
Marine pollution bulletin
|February 1, 2026
概括
水下噪音污染改变了鱼类的行为,导致休息和不稳定的运动增加. 肠道微生物组组成显示微妙的变化,表明河口鱼对声学压力的复杂反应.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 水下噪音污染是一个日益增长的环境压力因素,影响海洋生物.
- 人为噪音改变了自然的声音,影响了动物的行为和生理.
- 肠道微生物群对宿主健康至关重要,并将环境变化与生理和行为反应联系起来.
研究的目的:
- 研究河口鱼 (Pelates sexlineatus) 对不同水下噪音条件的行为和肠道微生物反应.
- 了解持续和间歇的噪音污染如何影响鱼类的行为和肠道微生物组合.
主要方法:
- 控制式水族馆实验,将鱼类暴露在持续的白噪声,短脉冲白噪声和环境控制中.
- 行为观察记录了游泳和休息模式.
- 16S rRNA基因扩增序列测序用于描述鱼类和周围水中的肠道微生物群落.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,暴露于噪音的鱼类表现出更多的休息和不稳定的运动.
- 在鱼类中发现了不同的微生物群落 (主要由Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota) 和水 (主要由Bacteroidota,Proteobacteria).
- 短期暴露于噪音并没有显著改变整体肠道微生物多样性,但引起了微妙的组成变化.
结论:
- 水下噪音污染显著影响河口鱼的行为.
- 肠道微生物组虽然显示短期稳定性,但在响应声学压力时表现出微妙的组成变化.
- 对行为和微生物反应的综合研究对于了解噪音污染对海洋生态系统的影响至关重要.
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