东印度成年人听力损失的程度,模式和风险因素
Srilatha Kavarthapu1, Asuri Raagini2, Babban Jee3
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Manipal Tata Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Journal of audiology & otology
|February 2, 2026
概括
听力损失在印度是一个日益关注的问题,与噪音,酒精,吸烟和相关疾病等因素有关. 这项研究确定了哈克邦的主要风险因素,强调了管理听力损失的早期干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 听力学和公共卫生
- 感官障碍的流行病学 感官障碍的流行病学
背景情况:
- 听力损失 (HL) 是一个重大的全球健康挑战,印度因人口老龄化,噪音暴露以及高血压和糖尿病等并发症而面临越来越大的负担.
- 关于哈克邦东辛格布姆听力损失的具体原因和模式的数据,特别是在工业环境中,仍然有限.
- 本研究解决了这一知识差距,通过调查导致当地居民听力损失的因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查导致的因素和模式的听力损失 (HL) 在东辛格布姆,哈克邦的成年人口.
- 在工业和一般人口环境中确定与听力损失相关的重大风险因素.
- 为有针对性的公共卫生干预和听力障碍管理策略提供数据.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及295名被诊断患有听力损失的成年患者 (20至80岁) 的研究.
- 纯音调听力测量 (PTA) 用于评估听力损失的类型和严重程度.
- 统计分析确定了与听力损失相关的显著风险因素和临床诊断.
主要成果:
- 虽然女性占大多数病例 (52.54%),但男性,特别是工厂工人,患听力损失的患病率更高 (p=0.038).
- 确定的重大风险因素包括年龄较小,酒精消费,吸烟,噪音暴露和吸烟,高血压,高血压糖尿病和其他并发性疾病.
- 常见的临床诊断包括大,慢性中耳炎,噪音引起的听力损失,突然的感觉神经听力损失和良性发性位置性.
结论:
- 噪音暴露和吸烟,酒精使用 (有或没有吸烟),高血压 (有或没有糖尿病) 和其他倾向因素是导致听力损失的主要因素.
- 慢性中耳炎是最常被诊断的疾病.
- 早期检测,干预和管理对于解决已识别的风险因素和减少听力损失的负担至关重要.
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