通过CRISPR介导的横向基因转移来设计下一代作物.
Madhab Kumar Sen1, Amit Roy2, Rajeev K Varshney3
1Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
The New phytologist
|February 2, 2026
概括
启用CRISPR的横向基因转移 (CRISPR-HGT) 提供了一种新的方法来增强作物抵抗多种环境压力的能力. 这种以进化为基础的策略利用微生物基因改善作物的多特征适应性.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 生物技术是生物技术.
背景情况:
- 农作物面临越来越多的重叠压力 (热量,干旱,盐度,病原体),这些压力很难通过传统的育种或基因组编辑来解决.
- 微生物基因被极端环境所改进,为增强植物弹性提供了预先适应的特征来源.
研究的目的:
- 引入启用CRISPR的横向基因转移 (CRISPR-HGT) 作为一种可编程的框架,用于设计多特征作物弹性.
- 利用微生物基因改善作物适应气候不确定性和多种环境压力.
主要方法:
- 利用CRISPR-HGT重建进化基因从微生物转移到植物的过程.
- 整合先进的CRISPR工具 (Cas12a,CasΦ,RNA向,dCas表观基因组编辑器) 与人工智能引导的微生物基因发现.
- 开发从微生物基因挖掘到现场部署的概念管道,考虑生态和监管方面的方面.
主要成果:
- 通过结合微生物基因,CRISPR-HGT可以实现模块化和可诱导的压力调节.
- 该方法促进了以进化为指导的设计,从简单的等位基因修饰转向复杂的特征工程.
- 提出了一个框架,用于发现和部署自然预先适应的微生物基因,以改善作物.
结论:
- CRISPR-HGT在作物工程中呈现了一个范式的转变,朝着以进化为基础的设计迈进,以提高应激弹性.
- 这种方法可以设计出能够更好地预测和承受环境压力的作物,在气候不确定性下维持产量.
- 这项研究强调了利用微生物遗传资源的潜力,以实现强大的作物适应.
相关概念视频
01:27Horizontal Gene Transfer
2.2K
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a process where genetic material moves between organisms within the same generation, unlike vertical gene transfer, which occurs from parent to offspring. HGT plays a crucial role in microbial evolution, adaptation, and survival, particularly in shared environments like the human gut.Mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, prophages, integrons, insertion sequences, and transposons facilitate this process. HGT occurs through three primary mechanisms:...
2.2K
02:53CRISPR and crRNAs
19.1K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
19.1K
01:59CRISPR
57.9K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
57.9K
00:49What is Genetic Engineering?
80.2K
Overview
80.2K
02:18Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms
30.7K
Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
30.7K
01:19Introduction to Horizontal Curves
689
Horizontal curves are essential in highway and railroad design, ensuring smooth and safe transitions between straight path segments, or tangents. These curves allow vehicles to maintain speed without abrupt changes, minimizing accidents and improving travel efficiency.A horizontal curve is typically defined by its geometric relationship to two tangents that meet at an intersection point (P.I.), where a simple curve is introduced to connect them. The back tangent refers to the initial tangent...
689