息治疗中的生成人工智能:比较评估ChatGPT-4o和ChatGPT-5作为临床决策支持工具
1Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Kirşehir Training and Research Hospital, Kirşehir, Turkey.
Digital health
|February 2, 2026
概括
与ChatGPT-4o相比,ChatGPT-5显示了改善的临床适当性,安全性和可理解性,用于息护理症状管理. 这两种模型都表现出高度的道德敏感性,突出了生成性AI.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 息护理 症状管理 症状管理
- 临床决策支持系统 临床决策支持系统
背景情况:
- 生成型人工智能 (AI) 工具在医疗保健中越来越多地用于帮助临床决策和改善患者的治疗结果.
- 在临终护理中,专家的访问有限,人工智能可能为管理复杂症状提供关键支持.
- 这项研究系统地比较了两个先进的AI模型,ChatGPT-4o和ChatGPT-5,用于息护理症状管理.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估和比较ChatGPT-4o和ChatGPT-5在解决常见的息治疗症状方面的表现.
- 评估AI在四个关键领域的反应:临床适当性,安全性,伦理敏感性和可理解性.
- 确定先进的生成人工智能作为临床决策支持工具在息护理环境中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 开发了10个关键息治疗症状的临床场景.
- 两个医生独立评估了ChatGPT-4o和ChatGPT-5的反应,使用五分利克尔特尺度.
- 统计分析包括评价者之间的协议 (科恩的卡帕,斯皮尔曼的相关性) 和比较测试 (弗里德曼,曼-惠特尼U,威尔科克森签名等级).
主要成果:
- 在所有评估域 (kappa 0.806-0.886, rho 0.813-0.888; p < 0.001) 中观察到高的互评分协议.
- 在临床适用性 (p=0.010),安全性 (p=0.002) 和可理解性 (p=0.011) 方面,ChatGPT-5显著优于ChatGPT-4o.
- 两种模型都表现出高的伦理敏感性,它们之间没有统计学上显著的差异 (p=0.102).
结论:
- 在息治疗症状管理的关键方面,ChatGPT-5显示出了与ChatGPT-4o相比的显著改进.
- 更新的ChatGPT-5模型显示,它是一个可靠的补充工具,可用于息治疗中的临床决策支持.
- 这些发现提供了第一个系统的证据,支持将先进的生成AI整合到息护理实践中.
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