基于任务fMRI研究,艾滋病毒感染者注意力分裂的功能性改变
Junzhuo Chen1, Zhongtian Guan2, Chuanke Hou1
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in neuroscience
|February 2, 2026
概括
艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 由于脑损伤而表现出视听注意力受损. 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 揭示了PLWH的神经变化,这表明HIV相关认知衰退的潜在神经成像标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 注意力缺陷在与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍中很常见.
- 艾滋病毒可能导致视听感知障碍.
- 了解这些缺陷对于管理艾滋病毒感染者的大脑健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用多式fMRI研究PLWH中分化注意力的功能变化.
- 为了确定与艾滋病毒相关的注意力障碍的潜在神经成像标志物.
- 探索在分分注意力任务期间视听处理的变化.
主要方法:
- 31名认知不受损的PLWH和34名健康对照 (HC) 在fMRI期间执行了分分注意力任务.
- 修改后的波斯纳范式被用来评估视听空间时间注意力.
- 静态fMRI被用于计算功能连接 (FC) 使用预定义的视听注意力网络感兴趣区域 (ROI).
主要成果:
- 与HC相比,PLWH的准确性较低.
- 与任务相关的大脑激活在PLWH中更广泛,涉及头,头,额头,头,岛屿和边缘区域.
- PLWH在注意力网络ROI和小脑/关联皮层之间增加了静止状态FC,激活和HIV持续时间之间存在相关性.
结论:
- 艾滋病毒感染对视听注意力有负面影响,认知能力不受损的个体的神经变化证明了这一点.
- 基于任务的激活和静止状态的FC措施显示出作为艾滋病毒相关大脑变化的敏感标志物具有前途.
- 这些神经成像标记可能有助于识别患有认知衰退风险较高的个体,这需要进一步的纵向调查.
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