人工智能预测的ECG年龄差作为生物标志物:与死亡率和心血管风险因素的偏差调整相关性
Myrte Barthels1,2,3, Elisa Verhofstadt4, Inigo Bermejo Delgado4
1Limburg Clinical Research Centre/Mobile Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium.
European heart journal. Digital health
|February 2, 2026
概括
预测年龄偏差 (PAD) 从心电图与时间年龄相关,掩盖其与健康风险的真正关联. 偏差纠正PAD (PADbc) 成为心血管风险和死亡率的可靠,不依赖年龄的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 生物标志物 生物标志物
背景情况:
- 人工智能模型可以从心电图 (ECG) 估计时间年龄.
- 预测心电图年龄和时间年龄之间的差异,称为预测年龄偏差 (PAD),与心血管风险因素和死亡率有关.
- 回归偏差可以导致PAD与时间年龄相关,可能会混其与健康结果的关联.
研究的目的:
- 调查与年龄相关的回归偏差对PAD的影响.
- 为了比较PAD和偏差校正PAD (PADbc) 与心血管风险因素和生存结果的关联.
主要方法:
- 训练了一个神经网络,从超过120万个心电图中预测年龄.
- 计算了PADbc作为PAD的残留值,该残留值是按时间年龄回归后的PAD.
- 分析了与风险因素的关联,使用基平方和ANOVA测试;使用卡普兰-梅尔曲线和考克斯比例危险模型评估了生存率.
主要成果:
- PAD与慢性年龄 (r = -0.54) 和大多数心血管风险因素具有反向相关性.
- 然而,PADbc与心血管风险因素的更高流行率有更强的关联 (r = 0.00).
- 较高的PADbc与较低的生存率有关,而较高的PAD则表明相反. 无论是PAD还是PADbc都与增加的死亡风险有关.
结论:
- 偏差纠正的PAD (PADbc) 作为一个独立于年龄的生物标志物.
- PADbc与心血管风险因素和死亡率有显著的关联.
- 纠正ECG衍生年龄中的年龄偏差对于准确的健康风险评估至关重要.
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