印度2000年至2022年5岁以下的性别和经济不平等死亡率
Subrat K Pradhan1, Pranati Pradhan2, Udayana Nayak1
1Department of Community Medicine, VIMSAR, Burla, Odisha, India.
International journal of preventive medicine
|February 2, 2026
概括
印度5岁以下的死亡率有所下降. 虽然性别差异显著减少,但经济不平等仍然存在,需要针对性干预以改善儿童健康结果.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
背景情况:
- 5岁以下的死亡率是人口健康和医疗保健系统有效性的关键指标.
- 减少5岁以下的死亡率是全球卫生优先事项,受到医疗保健,营养和卫生设施的影响.
- 印度根据性别和经济地位的5岁以下死亡率的差异需要进一步探索.
研究的目的:
- 评估印度5岁以下死亡率的不平等情况.
- 分析2000年至2020年性别和经济地位相关差异的趋势.
主要方法:
- 使用了世界卫生组织的健康公平评估工具包.
- 雇佣总结措施包括差异,比率,人口归因风险和人口归因分数 (PAF).
- 数据来源于联合国IGME,以点估计和计算置信区间.
主要成果:
- 5岁以下的死亡率在女性中呈现下降趋势,从2000年的96.6%,到2022年的29.2%.
- 与性别有关的不平等从2000年的9.6个差异减少到2022年的0.2个差异.
- 与财富相关的不平等从2000年的81.9个下降到2022年的28.9个,持续存在人口归因部分.
结论:
- 印度的5岁以下死亡率在2000年至2022年期间有所下降.
- 观察到与性别相关的不平等有显著的减少.
- 与经济地位相关的不平等仍然存在,需要有效的干预.
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