自闭症谱系障碍的结构和功能合变化,有或没有并发性注意力缺陷多动性障碍
Xiaolin Zhang1,2, Yan Zhou3, Luming Hu4
1Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, Guizhou Rehabilitation Hospital, Guiyang, China.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|February 2, 2026
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 分享神经通路. 通过比较ASD亚组,可以发现亚型特定的大脑结构功能合 (SC-FC) 变化,特别是在ASD+ADHD中涉及小脑.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷多动症障碍 (ADHD) 经常同时发生,但根本的神经机制尚不清楚.
- 了解ASD的神经生物学异质性对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
- 这项研究研究了大脑结构功能合 (SC-FC) 以区分ASD亚型.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较SC-FC在不同自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 亚组和典型发育 (TD) 对照组之间的合.
- 识别与ASD相关的大脑网络中的共享和亚型特定的改变.
- 探索ASD和注意力缺陷多动症障碍 (ADHD) 之间的共同疾病的神经基础.
主要方法:
- 来自ABIDE II数据集的331名参与者的T1加权和静止状态fMRI数据 (130名ASD,201名TD) 的分析.
- 使用T1加权图像的多变量结构特征构建单个结构共变性网络.
- 通过将区域功能连接与结构预测相关联,量化SC-FC合.
主要成果:
- 与TD对照组相比,ASD个体在关键的社交认知,情感,感官处理和认知控制 (DMN,LimN,SMN,FPN) 网络中表现出改变的SC-FC合.
- 在ASD亚组之间观察到不同的模式:仅ASD组显示左下回 (ITG.L) 的合增加.
- ASD+ADHD组在特定的小脑区域 (右小脑叶IX和Crus II) 显示出增加的SC-FC合,这表明涉及小脑集成的独特神经通路.
结论:
- 研究结果显示,ASD的SC-FC合改变是常见的,也是特定于亚型的.
- 伴随性ADHD在ASD中与不同的神经通路有关,特别是在与注意力过程相关的小脑区域.
- 测量SC-FC合是理解ASD异质性和指导干预策略的一个有希望的方法.
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