南非汽车行业的标准就业和细分实践
Irene Dingeldey1, Andrea Schäfer1
1Collaborative Research Centre 1342 "Global Dynamics of Social Policy", University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
Frontiers in sociology
|February 2, 2026
概括
这项研究揭示了南非汽车行业的劳动力市场细分如何为供应商工人创造就业不安全和更低的工资. 生产网络和谈判结构中的权力不平衡使这些不平等持续存在.
科学领域:
- 工业社会学 工业社会学
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
- 全球南方研究 全球南方研究
背景情况:
- 汽车制造集群表现出不同的劳动力市场细分实践.
- 了解这些做法对于分析全球南方工业劳动力市场至关重要.
- 细分体现在就业安全,质量,工资和工作时间的变化中.
研究的目的:
- 详细说明南非汽车制造集群中的劳动力市场细分实践.
- 用全球生产网络和劳动力市场细分方法来解释这些做法.
- 分析国家机构和参与者力量资源对细分的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用17个半结构面试 (2023) 进行演性的定性设计.
- 定性内容和主题分析,补充了劳动规范和集体协议的定量数据 (2022-2025年).
- 理论驱动的分析框架整合了定性和定量发现.
主要成果:
- 南非的汽车行业正式坚持普遍主义的劳动法,但灵活的就业形式仍然存在.
- 一个分叉的讨价还价结构作为一个关键的细分机制.
- 领导公司和供应商之间的权力不对称导致工资下降,工作时间增加,供应商工人的安全性降低.
结论:
- 尽管劳工法是普遍的,但权力不对称性和分歧的讨价还价在南非汽车行业中产生了细分的劳动力市场.
- 这些结构影响工会-雇主权力关系,并延续了供应链上的不平等.
- 该研究强调了结构性权力动态对全球南方劳动力市场结果的持续影响.
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