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相信一个多样性-功利主义的权衡
Evan P Apfelbaum1, Eileen Y Suh2, Yue Wu1
1Questrom School of Business, Boston University.
Journal of personality and social psychology
|February 2, 2026
概括
许多美国人认为,促进多样性会损害功利主义,尤其是保守派. 一个"盲目"的选择过程干预减少了这种对招聘和录取的信念,提出了一种实现多样性和功利主义的方法.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 组织行为 组织行为
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
背景情况:
- 组织和学术机构的目标是在选择中平衡优点主义与多样性目标.
- 人们普遍认为,多样性倡议破坏了候选人选择中的功利主义原则.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同人群中对多样性-功利主义权衡的信念.
- 探讨这种信念的政治两极分化及其潜在的公平性问题.
- 测试一种干预措施,以减轻所感知的权衡.
主要方法:
- 在实验室和现场环境中进行了四项大型预先注册的实验 (N = 5,805).
- 利用全国代表性的美国样本来评估关于多样性和功利主义的信念.
- 测试了在促进多样性的行动之后的"盲目"选择干预.
主要成果:
- 大多数美国人支持多样性-功利主义的权衡信念,不管有没有明确的功利主义标准或直接链接到评估.
- 这种信念在政治上是两极分化的,自由主义者不太可能比保守派和温和派看到权衡.
- 不同的公平性问题,而不仅仅是偏见,导致了多样性倡议的政治分歧.
- "盲目"选择干预成功地减少了对工作场所招聘和毕业生录取的多样性-功利主义权衡信念.
结论:
- 人们认为多样性与功利主义之间的冲突很普遍,但在政治上却存在分歧.
- 关于候选人评估的公平性问题是该部门的一个关键驱动因素.
- 实施盲目选择流程可以调和多样性和功利主义,吸引不同政治观点.
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