对治疗注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 药物的耐受性和心动症:实证研究的系统性审查
Christopher Smith1, Hollie Walker1, Valeria Parlatini2,3,4,5
1Hampshire and Isle of Wight Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
CNS drugs
|February 2, 2026
概括
对ADHD药物的耐受性通常没有证据支持,尤其是治疗效果. 其他因素,如症状波动或遵守问题,可能会解释随着时间的推移感知到ADHD症状的恶化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 报道称,尽管服用药物,注意力缺陷/多动性障碍 (ADHD) 症状的恶化表明潜在的耐受性或轻敏反应.
- 对ADHD药物耐受性的经验证据仍然是矛盾和有限的.
- 这项研究提供了第一个关于ADHD药物的耐受性/tachyphylaxis的系统性审查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查关于对ADHD药物的耐受性和高血压反应的经验研究.
- 为了澄清在ADHD治疗中耐受性和高血压的临床相关性.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Ovid和Web of Knowledge上索引的研究的系统审查,截至2024年9月1日.
- 包括评估对ADHD药物的耐受性/肌痛反应的干预性和观察性研究.
- 使用国家卫生研究院的质量评估工具评估了偏差风险.
主要成果:
- 初步证据表明,神经型志愿者短期内对兴奋剂的情感/行为影响和对d-安非他胺主观影响的耐受性产生tachyphylaxis.
- 几乎没有证据支持在临床环境中长期耐受ADHD药物的治疗或心血管效应.
- 大多数包括在内的17项研究由于样本规模较小和方法限制,质量较低.
结论:
- 目前的证据并不强烈支持共同耐受性发展到ADHD药物的治疗效果的假设.
- 为了获得确的证据,还需要进一步的强大,纵向研究.
- 临床医生应考虑对治疗效果减弱的替代解释,例如症状变异性,合规性问题或同时出现的疾病.
更多相关视频
10:02Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
Published on: March 12, 2020
16.8K
13:09Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
Published on: April 1, 2018
11.0K
相关概念视频
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
986
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
986
Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis
3.1K
Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
3.1K
Review and Preview
8.4K
In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.4K
Review and Preview
11.3K
Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
11.3K
Empirical Method to Interpret Standard Deviation
10.2K
The empirical rule, also known as the three-sigma rule, allows a statistician to interpret the standard deviation in a normally distributed dataset. The rule states that 68% of the data lies within one standard deviation from the mean, 95% lies within two standard deviations from the mean, and 99.7% lies within three standard deviations from the mean. Additionally, this rule is also called the 68-95-99.7 rule.
This rule is used widely in statistics to calculate the proportion of data values...
This rule is used widely in statistics to calculate the proportion of data values...
10.2K
Random and Systematic Errors
14.9K
Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be random or systematic. Random errors are observed due to the inconsistency or fluctuation in the measurement process, or variations in the quantity itself that is being measured. Such errors fluctuate from being greater than or less than the true value in repeated measurements. Consider a scientist measuring the length of an earthworm using a...
14.9K
