长期阿片类药物治疗与复合感染相关的牙科结果之间的关联
Anne C Black1,2, Kirsha S Gordon1,2, James D Dziura3,4,5
1VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
PloS one
|February 2, 2026
概括
长期阿片类药物治疗 (LTOT) 与牙感染风险增加有关,在一项大型VA研究中. 拥有全方位牙科覆盖的患者的感染率较高,但LTOT在这个小组中不是一个显著的风险因素.
科学领域:
- 牙科医学 牙科医学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 警告说,透管布伦诺芬可能会导致牙疾病,这引发了对其他阿片类药物的担忧.
- 阿片类止痛药广泛用于慢性疼痛和阿片类药物使用障碍.
- 调查阿片类药物的潜在全类牙科不良影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估长期阿片类药物治疗 (LTOT) 与感染相关的牙科结果之间的关联.
- 在接受阿片类药物治疗的大量患者中评估牙健康风险.
- 了解牙科保险对LTOT相关牙科风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 对VA患者进行了回顾性匹配的国家队列研究 (2010年10月 - 2019年9月).
- 根据人口统计和牙科覆盖范围,根据LTOT暴露 (1:2比) 匹配的患者.
- 使用考克斯回归来分析LTOT和复合感染相关牙科结果 (CIDO) 之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 该研究包括2,173,435名患者;36%接受了LTOT,28%经历了CIDO.
- 暴露于LTOT与CIDO风险显著增加有关 (aHR = 1.08).
- 具有全面牙科覆盖的患者有更高的CIDO率,而LTOT在这个群体中不是一个显著的风险因素.
结论:
- 在VA人群中,LTOT和CIDO之间存在积极的关联.
- 在完全覆盖的患者中,高CIDO率可能表明独特的脆弱性.
- 调查结果可以为有关LTOT使用和牙健康的患者提供者讨论提供信息.
相关概念视频
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
1.1K
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
1.1K
Opioid Receptors: Overview
4.3K
Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...
4.3K
Classifying Matter by Composition
90.4K
Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures.
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated.
A mixture is composed of two or...
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures.
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated.
A mixture is composed of two or...
90.4K
Predicting Reaction Outcomes
10.8K
Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
10.8K
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
1.0K
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
1.0K
Outcomes of Glycolysis
107.2K
Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
107.2K


