能量新陈代谢,营养和癌症
E Camajani1, S Gorini1, A Feraco1
1Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome.
Seminars in cancer biology
|February 2, 2026
概括
营养通过影响细胞代谢和炎症,显著影响癌症的发展和管理. 饮食模式影响癌症风险,强调在预防和护理方面需要个性化的营养支持.
科学领域:
- 瘤学和营养科学的科学.
- 癌症生物学和代谢
背景情况:
- 癌症是一个主要的全球健康问题,由不受控制的细胞生长驱动,需要癌细胞的显著代谢重编程.
- 营养在癌症中起着至关重要的作用,影响营养的可用性,并通过各种生物机制影响疾病的预防,发展和管理.
研究的目的:
- 突出营养对癌症发展,进展和管理的关键影响.
- 强调饮食模式和营养摄入量在癌症风险和患者结果中的作用.
- 强调为癌症患者提供个性化的营养支持的重要性.
主要方法:
- 审查证据,将饮食模式,营养摄入量和生物机制 (炎症,氧化应激,荷尔蒙调节) 与癌症风险联系起来.
- 分析肥胖和代谢重编程对癌症发病率和死亡率的影响.
- 检查特定饮食成分 (水果,蔬菜,全谷物,健康脂肪) 在癌症预防中的作用.
- 考虑癌症患者的营养挑战和个性化支持的好处.
主要成果:
- 富含加工食品,红肉,和脂肪和糖的饮食与癌症风险增加有关,可能是通过慢性炎症和胰岛素抵抗.
- 肥胖是癌症发病率和死亡率的重要因素,与荷尔蒙失衡和代谢途径改变有关.
- 富含植物性食物和健康脂肪的均衡饮食提供保护性质,包括抗氧化作用和细胞生长调节.
结论:
- 营养是综合性癌症预防和护理的重要组成部分,影响风险和结果.
- 个性化的营养支持对于癌症患者来说至关重要,以保持体重,肌肉质量和治疗耐受性.
- 需要进一步的研究,以优化饮食的长期健康,减少复发,并改善癌症的结果.
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