血液流动和血管生成;主要机制调解健康的长寿
Jie Zhang1, Dorothy E Vatner1, Ahmed Gad1
1Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Ageing research reviews
|February 2, 2026
概括
健康寿命延长落后于寿命延长. 改善血液流动和血管生成,可能由棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 介导,是健康衰老和预防与年龄有关的疾病的关键.
科学领域:
- 老年学和心血管科学研究
- 专注于衰老,血管健康和寿命的交叉点.
背景情况:
- 人类的寿命有所增加,但健康期 (无病期) 没有跟上步伐.
- 减少血液流动和血管生成是与年龄有关的心血管疾病的关键因素.
- 细胞和分子衰老机制已经得到了很好的研究,但动物模型中的血管方面的研究较少.
研究的目的:
- 审查动物健康长寿模型,重点关注血管生成和血液流动.
- 确定有助于改善血管功能在衰老的机制.
- 探索棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 在调解这些血管改善中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对25种动物健康寿命模型的系统审查.
- 在这些模型中分析了改善血液流动和血管生成的证据.
- 调查潜在的机制,包括荷尔蒙,线粒体和棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 的参与.
主要成果:
- 在25个模型中,有7个模型显示了改善血液流动和血管生成的直接证据,提高了运动能力和器官功能.
- 四个模型在血管改善方面得到了不同的结果.
- 14个模型没有研究这些血管机制.
- 一种调节G蛋白信号14淘汰赛小鼠模型证明了依赖于BAT的血管生成和改善血液流动.
结论:
- 血管新生和改善血液流动对于健康的衰老和抗病能力至关重要.
- 棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 在调解血管益处方面发挥着重要作用.
- 这些血管因素值得考虑,以促进长寿的未来治疗转化.
相关概念视频
Mechanism of Angiogenesis
6.8K
Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
6.8K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
3.5K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.5K
Blood Flow
75.9K
Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
75.9K
Autoregulation of Blood Flow
8.1K
Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation....
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation....
8.1K
Applications of Integration to Find Blood Flow
49
Blood flow through a cylindrical blood vessel can be mathematically described using the principles of laminar flow, a regime in which fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers. In this model, the velocity of the blood is not uniform across the cross-section of the vessel; rather, it varies with the radial distance from the center. The maximum velocity occurs along the central axis, decreasing progressively toward the vessel walls, where it reaches zero due to viscous drag.Approximating Blood...
49
Major Organs of the Digestive System
9.5K
The digestive system is responsible for the ingestion of food, secretion of enzymes, mixing and digesting food, absorption of the nutrients and defecation. The human digestive system consists of two major parts: the gastrointestinal tract and the accessory digestive organs.
Gastrointestinal tract:
Gastrointestinal tract:
9.5K


