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语音识别的年龄相关变化 性能-强度功能和听觉脑干反应
1Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Ear and hearing
|February 3, 2026
概括
老龄化会影响噪音和听觉脑干反应 (ABR) 中的语音识别. 虽然降低的ABR波I / V比率表明老年人耳突触,但这与语音识别性能没有相关性,挑战了当前的理论.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 语音感知 语音感知
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的听力下降是多因素的.
- 耳突触是潜在的外周听觉贡献者与年龄相关的语音识别缺陷.
- 之前对与年龄相关的耳突触相关的人类研究已经产生了不确定的结果.
研究的目的:
- 研究衰老对语音识别性能强度函数在噪音和高水平听觉脑干反应 (ABRs) 的影响.
- 检查这些措施在年轻人和老年人之间的关联.
- 评估耳突触在与年龄相关的听觉变化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 19名年轻人 (18-36岁) 和19名年长的成年人 (65-81岁) 与正常的听力测试参与.
- 语音识别性能强度函数被测量使用单词在多语者语在各种信号噪声比率 (SNRs).
- 高水平的听觉脑干反应 (ABR) 在使用点击刺激时以两种呈现率 (11.3 / sec和41.3 / sec) 记录.
主要成果:
- 与年轻人相比,老年人对于相当的语音识别性能需要更有利的SNR.
- 在老年人中观察到ABR波I / V振幅比率的减少,与耳突触相关.
- 在语音识别性能强度函数指标和ABR I/V振幅比率之间没有发现显著的关联.
结论:
- 老龄化会对噪音语音识别和ABR反应产生负面影响.
- 虽然降低的ABR波I / V比率表明与年龄相关的耳突触,但这与语音识别性能没有相关.
- 这些发现挑战了耳突触和老年人观察到的语音识别缺陷之间的直接联系.
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