益生菌和衰老:对认知功能,来自大脑的神经营养因子,炎症和抗氧化活性的影响. 一个系统的审查和元分析
Yvonne Suzy Handajani1, Yuda Turana1, Antoninus Hengky2
1School of Medicine and Health Science, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|February 3, 2026
概括
益生菌补充剂可能会适度地改善老年人的认知功能,特别是那些认知障碍的人. 需要进一步的研究来证实这些好处,并了解潜在的机制.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 认知能力下降是老龄化人口的一个重要问题.
- 肠-大脑轴表明益生菌可能会影响认知,但证据不一致.
- 现有的研究缺乏关于益生菌对认知增强功效的确研究结果.
研究的目的:
- 评估益生菌补充剂对50岁及以上成年人认知功能的影响.
- 评估二次结果,包括脑衍生神经营养因子 (BDNF) 水平,炎症标志物和氧化应激生物标志物.
- 通过系统审查和元分析来综合当前的临床证据.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,EBSCO,ProQuest,Google Scholar) 进行了系统的文献搜索,截至2024年5月.
- 使用RoB 2工具评估了研究质量,并使用随机效应模型进行了元分析.
- 出版偏差在适用的情况下使用埃格尔测试来探索.
主要成果:
- 16项研究表明,益生菌与安慰剂相比,益生菌显著改善了认知能力.
- 迷你心理状态检查 (MMSE) 显示中度至大效应 (SMD 0.747),而RBANS显示小至中度效应 (SMD 0.340).
- 益生菌显著改变了BDNF,TNF-α,8-OHdG,IL-6,IL-10,MDA,TAC和GSH;多菌株益生菌比单菌株更有效.
结论:
- 益生菌补充剂在老年人中可能带来适度的认知益处,特别是在认知障碍患者中.
- 研究中的大量异质性和有限的生物标志物数据要求在解释研究结果时谨慎.
- 需要进行更大,更长期和标准化的试验来确定临床相关性和阐明生物途径.
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