接受酒精与癌症的联系:正在进行中的工作
William M P Klein1, Emma Jesch1,2
1Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
概括
大多数美国癌症中心都认识到他们有责任向公众通报与酒精有关的癌症风险. 然而,许多人缺乏减少酒精含量的政策,质疑证据,阻碍了预防癌症的努力.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防癌症 预防癌症
背景情况:
- 实质性的证据将酒精消费与多种癌症联系在一起,包括乳腺癌和结肠直肠癌.
- 美国公众对酒精致癌风险的认识不足以达到最佳水平.
- 业界的抵制和缺乏意识阻碍了减少使用酒精的癌症预防.
研究的目的:
- 评估国家癌症研究所指定的癌症中心对教育公众关于与酒精有关的癌症危害的看法.
- 识别癌症中心在酒精政策和教育方面的现行做法和感知障碍.
- 探索改善癌症预防倡议中的酒精脱重点的潜在策略.
主要方法:
- 对NCI指定的癌症中心进行调查,以了解他们对酒精与癌症联系的教育义务.
- 调查当前关于在赞助活动中减轻酒精重视的政策.
- 评估癌症中心工作人员对当前酒精癌症文献确定性的看法.
主要成果:
- 86%的接受调查的癌症中心认为他们应该向公众宣传酒精对癌症的危害.
- 几乎一半的癌症中心缺乏政策来减少在赞助活动中强调酒精.
- 大约一半的中心质疑目前的酒精癌症证据的确定性,但同龄人的影响可能会影响意见.
结论:
- 虽然癌症中心承认教育义务,但政策差距和文学怀疑等重大障碍仍然存在.
- 解决癌症预防中酒精使用问题的进展是可行的,但需要克服这些挑战.
- 与烟草控制历史的相似之处凸显了政策变革和癌症预防公共教育的复杂性.
相关概念视频
03:03mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
4.8K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.8K
02:04Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
9.6K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
9.6K
01:19X-linked Traits
58.6K
In most mammalian species, females have two X sex chromosomes and males have an X and Y. As a result, mutations on the X chromosome in females may be masked by the presence of a normal allele on the second X. In contrast, a mutation on the X chromosome in males more often causes observable biological defects, as there is no normal X to compensate. Trait variations arising from mutations on the X chromosome are called “X-linked”.
58.6K
01:05Long-term Depression
33.3K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
33.3K
02:37Oxidation of Alcohols
16.1K
In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, and their mechanism of action is provided.
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
16.1K
02:07Tumor Progression
7.4K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
7.4K