人体皮肤中伤口年龄估计的组织学和免疫组织化学生物标志物:系统性审查
Anas E Ahmed1, Wassal F Aljohani2, Akram K Moafa3
1Community Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU.
Cureus
|February 3, 2026
概括
在法医病理学中估计伤口年龄至关重要. 本综述详细介绍了不同伤口年龄的组织学和免疫组织化学标记,从几分钟到几天,强调多式联络方法的准确性.
科学领域:
- 法医病理学 法医病理学
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 免疫组织化学 免疫组织化学
背景情况:
- 准确的伤口年龄估计在法医病理学中至关重要,以确定自受伤以来的时间.
- 传统的组织学在创伤后早期具有局限性.
- 分子和免疫组织化学标记为改善伤口年龄评估提供了潜力.
研究的目的:
- 审查用于估计人类皮肤伤口年龄的组织学和免疫组织化学标记.
- 评估标记物在各种创伤后间隔中的适用性.
- 强调在伤口年龄确定中需要采用多式联络方法.
主要方法:
- 关于用于估计伤口年龄的组织学和免疫组织化学标记物的文献综述.
- 基于创伤后间隔 (分钟,小时,天) 的标记物的分类.
- 对不同愈合阶段的标记物相关性的证据综合.
主要成果:
- 非常早期的伤口 (几分钟至1小时) 显示了像纤维菌素,CD62p,TNF-α和酶这样的标记物.
- 早期的伤口 (小时) 表现出暂时的杆细胞和细胞因子表达.
- 中期 (1-10天) 和晚期 (≥7天) 伤口的特征是免疫细胞标记物 (CD14,CD68,IL-8) 和愈合标记物 (VEGF,MMP,原体).
结论:
- 没有任何单一的标志物可以准确地估计所有阶段的伤口年龄.
- 结合形态学和互补生物标志物的多模式方法是必要的.
- 标准化和进一步的人体研究是必要的,以提高法医应用的可靠性.
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