根据内容和接收者的知识,儿童对亲社会谎言的认可
Shirley Ong1, Elizabeth S Nilsen1
1Psychology Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
概括
成年人对不了解情况的人说更多的亲社会谎言,而儿童和成年人对意见说谎更多,而不是事实. 共感会影响成人的选择,但不会影响孩子的选择.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 亲社会谎言在社会互动中很常见.
- 沟通决策受到合作伙伴知识的影响.
- 了解亲社会撒谎的年龄相关差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查接收者的知识和陈述内容 (意见与现实) 如何影响儿童和成人亲社会撒谎.
- 探索同情心在不同年龄段的亲社会谎言中的作用.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (81名儿童,218名成年人) 评价了使用亲社会谎言或真相的可能性,在有知识/无知接收者的场景中.
- 场景包括关于个人观点或客观现实的陈述.
- 测量了自我报告的同情心.
主要成果:
- 成年人更容易在接受者不知道负面事件时撒谎;儿童没有差异.
- 儿童和成人都更喜欢关于观点的亲社会谎言,而不是客观现实.
- 同理心与成年人的社会倾向性撒谎相关,但与儿童的不相关.
结论:
- 成年人的亲社会谎言对接收者知识敏感,与儿童不同.
- 意见和现实之间的区别在两个年龄组中显著影响了亲社会谎言的认可.
- 共感在成年人中起作用,但不是儿童,亲社会沟通策略.
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