相关实验视频
Updated: Feb 5, 2026

06:57
Determining Viral Disinfection Efficacy of Hot Water Laundering
Published on: June 21, 2022
3.0K
在化过程中被忽视的消毒能力的胺异环性消毒副产品
Yuwei Wu1, Shumin Zhu1, Yangtao Wu1
1Hunan Engineering Research Centre of Water Security Technology and Application, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
Water research
|February 3, 2026
概括
新的胺异环性消毒副产品 (AH-DBPs) 是比传统的胺更稳定和有效的消毒剂. 这些AH-DBP显示出对大肠杆菌的增强杀菌活性,提供了改进的水处理解决方案.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 水处理技术水处理技术
- 有机化学 有机化学
背景情况:
- 基异环性消毒副产品 (NH-DBPs) 是处理水中的新出现的污染物,其中一些物种表现出毒性.
- 许多NH-DBPs的结构多样性和反应行为尚未得到充分理解.
- 胺基异环型DBP (AH-DBP) 是NH-DBP中的一个特定类别.
研究的目的:
- 在水化过程中研究胺异环型DBPs (AH-DBPs) 的形成,稳定性和反应性.
- 将AH-DBPs的消毒效率和氧化潜力与传统的有机胺和自由进行比较.
- 在环境相关条件下阐明AH-DBPs的动态行为和分解途径.
主要方法:
- 在化过程中AH-DBPs (例如,-酸,-甲酸) 的形成和表征.
- 随着时间的推移,AH-DBPs在自由的存在下进行稳定性测试.
- 物种化 (自由,有机胺) 的动态分析.
- 使用大肠杆菌 (Escherichia coli) 进行杀菌试验.
- 使用1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene (TMB) 作为探针进行氧化反应性测量.
- 理论计算 (激活能量) 支持实验发现.
主要成果:
- AH-DBPs表现出比传统有机胺更高的稳定性,在24小时后有45-90%的残留物.
- AH-DBPs表现出与物种化相关的三个不同的动态行为.
- 48小时后,AH-DBPs显示,与自由相比,大肠杆菌的日志减少率是自由的1.5-2.0倍.
- AH-DBPs比传统的有机胺具有更高的氧化反应性,这是由于TMB氧化活性较低的激活能量所支持的.
- 在储存48小时后,自由和AH-DBPs的残留分别为1.0和0.20.5毫克L-1作为Cl2.
结论:
- AH-DBPs是一种稳定的有机胺类,具有显著的消毒潜力.
- 与传统消毒剂相比,这些化合物具有增强的氧化反应性和杀菌功效.
- 了解AH-DBP对于优化水消毒过程和管理消毒副产品风险至关重要.
相关概念视频
Cleaning, Sterilization, and Disinfection
10.3K
Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization are the methods that help to break the infection chain and prevent disease.
Cleaning
The cleaning process usually involves using water with detergents or enzymatic cleaner and removing foreign material from objects and surfaces, including organic material such as body fluids or inorganic material like soil. Cleaning is performed before high-level disinfection and sterilization because foreign materials on the cover of the devices interfere with process...
Cleaning
The cleaning process usually involves using water with detergents or enzymatic cleaner and removing foreign material from objects and surfaces, including organic material such as body fluids or inorganic material like soil. Cleaning is performed before high-level disinfection and sterilization because foreign materials on the cover of the devices interfere with process...
10.3K
Lung Capacity
56.3K
The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
56.3K
Preparation of Amides
4.0K
Amides are synthesized by treating carboxylic acids with amines in the presence of dehydrating agents like dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC).
The DCC-promoted synthesis of amides begins with the protonation of DCC by carboxylic acid. The protonation makes it a better acceptor. Next, the addition of carboxylate to the protonated carbodiimide gives a reactive acylating agent.
Subsequently, the amine acts as a nucleophile that attacks the acylating agent to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the...
The DCC-promoted synthesis of amides begins with the protonation of DCC by carboxylic acid. The protonation makes it a better acceptor. Next, the addition of carboxylate to the protonated carbodiimide gives a reactive acylating agent.
Subsequently, the amine acts as a nucleophile that attacks the acylating agent to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the...
4.0K
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines
7.0K
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
7.0K
Radical Substitution: Allylic Chlorination
3.2K
Typically, when alkenes react with halogens at low temperatures, an addition reaction occurs. However, upon increasing the temperature or under reaction conditions that form radicals, providing a low but steady concentration of halogen radicals, allylic substitution reaction is favored. This is because allylic hydrogens are very reactive as the formed intermediate is resonance stabilized. For example, when propene is treated with chlorine in the gas phase at 400 °C, it undergoes allylic...
3.2K
Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines
3.2K
The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.
3.2K

