母亲和胎儿对胰岛素缺乏和抵抗的遗传倾向通过不同的途径影响胎儿生长
Gechang Yu1,2,3, Claudia H T Tam1,2,3, Mai Shi1,2,3
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Diabetologia
|February 3, 2026
概括
对于2型糖尿病的母亲和胎儿遗传风险对后代的生长有不同的影响. 准孕产妇高血糖和BMI可能会减少对妊娠年龄大的分娩.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
- 围产儿医学 围产儿医学
背景情况:
- 母亲和胎儿的遗传因素影响胎儿的生长.
- 胰岛素抵抗和缺乏是2型糖尿病 (T2D) 的关键因素,并影响代谢健康.
- 不同的途径可能会调解这些对胎儿发育的遗传影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查母亲和胎儿对胰岛素缺乏和抵抗的遗传倾向是否通过不同的途径影响后代胎儿的生长.
- 分析跨多民族人口之间的这些关联.
主要方法:
- 对与T2D相关的途径与5065对母婴对胎儿生长结果 (出生体重,SSF,LGA,SGA) 的孕产妇和胎儿分区多基因风险评分 (pPRS) 的关联进行了检查.
- 在欧洲人中利用双样本的孟德尔随机化 (2SMR) 进行三角化.
- 针对母体葡萄糖/BMI和带C效应的调解分析,以及针对共同因果变异的同定位分析.
主要成果:
- 胎儿T2D PRS和 lipodystrophy/受损的禁食葡萄糖 (IFG) 的pPRS与较低的出生体重/SSF有关.
- 母亲T2DPRS和IFG/肥胖的pPRS与高出生体重/SSF/LGA有关,跨种族一致.
- 孕产妇高血糖和BMI显著介导了这些孕产妇遗传影响; 2SMR证实了这些发现,并将胎儿胰岛素敏感性与高出生体重联系起来.
结论:
- 减少胎儿生长可能源于与脂质变相关的胰岛素抵抗和与IFG相关的胰岛素缺乏途径.
- 针对高T2D PRS/pPRS的孕妇的干预措施,重点是减少负载后高血糖和BMI,可以减轻后代LGA风险.
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