美国空军基地地下水中PFOS和PFBS的泄漏:生物炭能提供有效的缓解策略吗?
Daniel J Ashworth1, Pia Ramos1,2, Michael P Schmidt1
1USDA-ARS George E. Brown Jr Salinity Laboratory, 450 W. Big Springs Rd, Riverside, California 92507 United States.
Environmental science & technology
|February 4, 2026
概括
生物炭有效地防止PFAS从军事地点的土壤中出. 优化的木材生物炭,特别是经过热处理后,显著吸附 perfluorooctanesulfonic 酸 (PFOS) 和 perfluorobutanesulfonic 酸 (PFBS),保护地下水.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 整治技术 整治技术
背景情况:
- 使用水性薄膜形成泡的军事基地可能会使土壤和地下水受到per-和多醇基物质 (PFAS) 的污染.
- 高水平的PFAS在美国空军基地是常见的,特别是在训练区,需要防止土壤漏.
- 控制PFAS迁移对于污染现场的环境保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估土壤应用生物炭在吸附和防止特定PFAS化合物的浸出方面的有效性.
- 优化生物炭特性和应用率,以实现成本效益高的PFAS整治.
- 评估生物炭作为军事设施地下水保护的低成本战略的潜力.
主要方法:
- 分析来自美国空军基地的污染数据.
- 使用木制生物炭进行非和土壤柱实验.
- 测试 perfluorooctanesulfonic 酸 (PFOS) 和 perfluorobutanesulfonic 酸 (PFBS) 的吸附,使用不同的生物炭处理.
- 生物炭的物理化学特性和液分析的表征.
主要成果:
- 在高于900°C的温度下生产的木制生物炭在1% (m/m) 应用时,在沙泥土中实现了高于99%的PFOS保留.
- 生物炭的生产后热处理 (在空气中温度为400°C) 导致液中无法检测到的PFBS水平.
- 优化的生物炭对长链 (PFOS) 和短链 (PFBS) PFAS 均表现出良好的吸附能力.
结论:
- 精选生物炭是一种有希望的,低成本的策略,用于吸附污染土壤中的PFOS和PFBS.
- 生物炭的应用可以有效地防止PFAS的向下漏,从而保护地下水资源.
- 这种方法为PFAS污染的军事基地和可能受到影响的其他地区提供了一种可行的整治方法.
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