在美国妇女中调查食物,住房和交通不安全与慢性疾病之间的关系,使用全国代表性数据
Kobi V Ajayi1, Samia Tasnim1, Ping Ma2
1Center for Community Health and Aging, Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
American journal of health promotion : AJHP
|February 4, 2026
概括
健康的社会决定因素,如食物,住房和交通不安全,显著增加了美国妇女的慢性疾病. 解决这些社会因素对于改善妇女健康状况至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
- 慢性疾病流行病学 慢性疾病流行病学
背景情况:
- 健康的社会决定因素 (SDOH) 显著影响健康结果.
- 了解SDOH和女性慢性疾病之间的联系对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 美国女性患高血压和精神疾病等慢性疾病的患病率很高.
研究的目的:
- 研究美国成年女性的健康社会决定因素 (SDOH) 与慢性疾病 (高血压,糖尿病,心脏病,焦虑/抑郁症) 之间的关联.
- 量化粮食,住房和交通不安全对这些慢性病的患病率的影响.
- 识别受SDOH影响的潜在的与性别有关的健康不平等.
主要方法:
- 采用2022年健康信息国家趋势调查 (HINTS) 数据的横截面调查设计.
- 分析包括来自美国的3535名成年女性 (≥18岁).
- 使用加权的双变量和多变量后勤回归模型来评估不安全和慢性疾病之间的关联,控制社会人口统计学.
主要成果:
- 高血压 (35.4%) 和焦虑/抑郁 (33.4%) 是最常见的慢性疾病.
- 近27%的女性同时经历了这三种形式的不安全感 (食物,住房,交通).
- 这三种不安全都显著增加了报告任何慢性疾病的几率,住房不安全几乎增加了几率的两倍 (AOR = 2.44).
结论:
- 在SDOH和女性慢性疾病之间存在强烈的关联.
- 食物,住房和交通不安全是女性慢性疾病诊断的重要预测因素.
- 有针对性的政策和干预措施解决SDOH是必要的,以减少健康不平等和改善妇女的健康.
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