长期COVID在艾滋病毒感染者和没有艾滋病毒感染者之间:全州的队列分析
Fanghui Shi1,2, Huiyi Xia1,2, Xiaoming Li1,2
1South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, USA, 29208.
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
|February 4, 2026
概括
与没有艾滋病毒的人 (PWoH) 相比,艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 面临长期COVID (LC) 的风险更高. 这包括COVID-19感染后神经系统,精神和呼吸系统疾病的风险增加.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 长期COVID (LC) 在COVID-19感染后越来越令人担忧.
- 了解不同人群中LC的差异性风险对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 可能对病毒后并发症具有独特的脆弱性.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 和没有艾滋病毒感染者 (PWoH) 之间各种长期COVID表现的发生率和风险.
- 为了确定特定的长期COVID诊断群体,在两个群体之间存在显著不同的风险.
主要方法:
- 利用了南卡罗来纳州集成的电子健康记录数据 (2020年3月 - 2022年1月).
- 确定了838,520名COVID-19阳性个体,按艾滋病毒状况分层 (2,662名PWH,835,858名PWoH).
- 采用逆概率权重和考克斯回归来分析131个诊断组的131个长期COVID类别,并对共变量进行调整.
主要成果:
- 与PWoH (10.6%) 相比,PWH在任何长期COVID诊断 (16.3%) 的患病率更高.
- 对于至少一个长期COVID诊断 (HR=1.29),PWH的风险显著更高.
- 在PWH中,神经系统疾病 (HR=2.04),精神疾病 (HR=1.78) 和呼吸系统疾病 (HR=1.78) 的风险增加最为明显.
结论:
- 艾滋病毒感染者经历长期COVID的持续增加负担.
- 持续对COVID-19幸存者的临床随访,特别是PWH,对于改善结果至关重要.
- 这项研究强调了针对PWH长期COVID的有针对性的干预和监测的必要性.
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