相关实验视频
Updated: Feb 6, 2026

12:03
Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs
Published on: April 25, 2014
28.7K
在专业药物政策中使用临床结果评估
Julia A Rucker1, Jiat Ling Poon2, Fariel C A LaMountain1
1The Center for the Evaluation of Value and Risk in Health, Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA.
Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy
|February 4, 2026
概括
临床结果评估 (COA) 用于特殊药物覆盖决策,主要是通过健康计划来限制获得. 临床医生报告的结果 (ClinROs) 是最常见的,而患者报告的结果 (PROs) 却很少被使用.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 制药政策 制药政策
- 临床试验方法论 临床试验方法论
背景情况:
- 临床结果评估 (COA) 是临床试验中的重要工具,用于通过患者经验评估治疗疗效.
- 然而,在医疗计划的特殊药物覆盖决策中,它们的具体应用仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查COA在美国商业健康计划的特殊药物覆盖政策中的频率,类型和作用.
- 了解这些评估如何影响患者获得关键药物的机会.
主要方法:
- 使用塔夫茨医疗中心SPEC数据库,分析了18个美国商业健康计划的保险政策.
- 根据类型 (例如,患者报告的结果[PROs],临床医生报告的结果[ClinROs]) 确定COA的分类,时间点 (初始与重新授权),以及在政策标准中的应用.
主要成果:
- 对于43.8%的适应症,COA被纳入覆盖政策中,计划之间存在差异 (5%-27.2%).
- 临床医生报告的结果 (ClinROs) 主要用于 (69.0%) 的初始标准,通常是为了限制访问 (50.5%).
- 患者报告的结果 (PROs) 很少被用于初始标准 (5.7%),但被用来定义重新授权的治疗反应.
结论:
- 卫生计划经常使用COA,特别是ClinRO,来管理特殊药物获取,强调提供者报告数据的影响.
- 仅限于PRO的使用表明,在持续地将患者的观点纳入保险决策方面存在潜在的差距.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解COA选择背后的逻辑以及它对患者获得治疗的影响.
相关概念视频
Angina III: Clinical Manifestations and Assessment
251
Angina manifests as chest pain, tightness, or squeezing discomfort typically located behind the breastbone. It can radiate to the neck, jaw, shoulders, and inner aspects of the upper arms, most commonly the left arm. Patients may experience shortness of breath, fatigue, profuse sweating, dizziness, indigestion, heartburn, palpitations, anxiety, and vomiting as accompanying symptoms. This pain often lasts a few minutes and is triggered by physical exertion, emotional stress, heavy meals, or cold...
251
Predicting Reaction Outcomes
10.9K
Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
10.9K
Outcomes of Glycolysis
107.3K
Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
107.3K
Clinically Relevant Drug Product Specifications: Methods of Establishment
222
Product specifications define the acceptable quality of a pharmaceutical product by ensuring identity, purity, potency, and strength. These specifications serve as benchmarks during development, manufacturing, and post-approval quality control. Clinically relevant specifications are particularly important because they directly relate to a drug's safety and efficacy in clinical use.Dissolution studies are critical biopharmaceutic tools that link in vitro behavior to in vivo performance. They...
222
Guidelines for Writing Outcome
4.0K
When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
4.0K
Nursing Clinical Information System
1.3K
Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS)
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
1.3K

