评估受污染的土壤对人类健康风险评估工具:一个比较性审查
Rusalina Lupu1,2, Diana-Mariana Cocarta3,4,5, Iason Verginelli6
1Department of Energy Production and Use, Faculty of Energy Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei No. 313, 006042, Bucharest, Romania.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|February 4, 2026
概括
欧盟的土壤面临着工业污染造成的广泛退化. 本研究回顾了12种人类健康风险评估 (HHRA) 工具,揭示了污染场所管理的显著差异和协调的需要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 风险评估 风险评估
背景情况:
- 欧盟的土壤表现出高降解率 (60-70%),主要是由于遗留的工业污染.
- 工业污染物对环境和人类健康构成持续的风险.
- 人类健康风险评估 (HHRA) 成立于20世纪90年代末,用于评估受污染地点的风险.
研究的目的:
- 审查和比较12个人类健康风险评估 (HHRA) 软件工具,用于全球受污染的地点.
- 分析国家立法框架和HHRA在污染土地管理决策中的作用.
- 确定现有HHRA工具的共同点,差异和改进领域.
主要方法:
- 对来自不同国家的12个HHRA软件工具进行比较分析.
- 审查有关污染场所和HHRA实施的国家法规.
- 评估工具方法,暴露途径,受体考虑,污染物数据库和附加功能.
主要成果:
- 在审查的HHRA工具中观察到功能上的显著多样性.
- 在不同国家中,污染场所管理法规和HHRA工具方法缺乏协调.
- 当前的工具在考虑暴露途径,受体和污染物数据库方面有所不同.
结论:
- 迫切需要在欧盟一级采取协调的方法来管理受污染的地点.
- 未来的HHRA工具开发应该侧重于用户友好性,扩展暴露场景,更新的污染物清单 (例如,PFAS),不确定性分析,GIS集成和AI/ML能力.
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