创伤中心的医院的病床容量和利用率
Pawan Acharya1,2, Kristan Staudenmayer3, Molly P Jarman4
1Center for Injury Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
JAMA surgery
|February 4, 2026
概括
美国的创伤中心,特别是I/II级,面临着高占用率,限制了冲击能力. 这凸显了国家创伤系统规划和提高应对能力以管理大规模伤亡事件的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
- 公共卫生准备情况 公共卫生准备情况
背景情况:
- 对美国创伤护理系统的需求不断增长,需要评估当前的病床利用率和大规模伤亡事件的激增能力.
- 了解创伤病床占用率和储备能力对于有效的国家准备和应对至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估美国各医院成人创伤病床位的占用率和分布情况.
- 评估美国创伤系统吸收创伤体积突然和持续激增的能力.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了2027年美国创伤中心 (2022年1月至2024年4月) 121周的设施级病床数据.
- 模拟建模评估了各种伤员流入场景下的病床容量,重点是I/II级创伤中心.
主要成果:
- 一级和二级创伤中心始终在80%以上的住院患者和75%的重症监护室病床占用率上运行,区域差异很大.
- 模拟显示,在45天内,全国创伤病床缺口超过20,000张,流入率为每天1500-2000名患者.
- 即使是241名患者/天的适度涌入,也在90天内和指定创伤病床.
结论:
- 美国的创伤系统,特别是三级中心,在高占用率下运行,对冲浪的储备能力有限.
- 迫切需要国家创伤能力规划,区域负载平衡和可扩展的基础设施,以提高系统的弹性.
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