卫生保健机构的公平,多样性和包容性计划:系统性审查和元分析
Deena Fremont1, Amos Buh1,2, Claire Hoar-Stephens1,2
1Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA network open
|February 4, 2026
概括
医疗保健机构的公平,多样性和包容 (EDI) 倡议与增加劳动力多样性有关. 这些计划在促进代表性不足的少数群体和培养更具包容性的医疗保健文化方面表现有前途.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 医学教育 医学教育
背景情况:
- 公平,多样性和包容 (EDI) 倡议在医疗保健中越来越多地得到实施,但它们在各种角色和职业阶段的影响尚未得到充分理解.
- 这些举措往往在政治上产生两极分化,需要清楚地了解它们的结果.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估医疗机构内EDI计划的成果.
- 确定EDI举措与关键绩效指标 (如劳动力多样性和员工满意度) 之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA 2020指南进行了系统审查,从2010年到2023年搜索主要数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,CINAHL,PsychINFO).
- 两个独立的审查员选了研究,提取了关于计划结果的数据. 一个随机效应模型被用于对相关数据的元分析.
主要成果:
- 该审查包括了43项涉及超过15,000人的研究,涵盖了职业培训,多样性代表和研究支持等各种干预措施.
- 两项研究的元分析表明,在EDI干预后,医疗住院的少数群体代表性显著增加 (OR, 1.73).
- 虽然干预表明对代表性不足的少数群体有所益处,但包括的研究的整体方法质量有所不同,只有16.3%的研究被评为高质量.
结论:
- 医疗保健中的EDI举措与改善劳动力的多样性有关.
- 这些发现支持继续实施EDI计划,以培养更公平,更包容的医疗保健环境.
- 需要进一步研究,重点研究高质量的研究,以充分阐明EDI举措的影响.
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