非洲国家自闭症的流行:系统性审查和元分析
Inácio Luís Ferreira1, João Viriato Mazalo2, Daniel Prates-Baldez3
1Federal University of Bahia, Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Ministry of Health of Angola.
Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy
|February 4, 2026
概括
非洲的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患病率与全球的患病率相似,尽管查往往发现的病例比确诊的病例多. 这凸显了在整个非洲大陆对医疗保健专业人员加强诊断服务和培训的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,其全球患病率为1-2%.
- 由于诊断,社会和政策方面的挑战,非洲对ASD的研究是有限的.
- 由于这些因素,非洲的患病率估计有很大差异.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合非洲人口中自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的流行情况.
- 确定导致整个非洲大陆自闭症患病率估计异质性的因素.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Scopus,PsycInfo) 进行了系统的文献搜索,直到2025年5月.
- 遵循PRISMA指南,并使用注册的协议 (PROSPERO).
- 一个随机效应模型被用来统计综合来自横截面,学校或社区研究的数据.
主要成果:
- 他们分析了来自埃及,肯尼亚,乌干达和尼日利亚的七项研究,涉及71,341名参与者.
- 报告的自闭症患病率差异很大 (0.54%23.8%).
- 临床确诊的自闭症综合患病率为1%,而高风险查显示为4%,具有显著的异质性 (I2 = 99.8%).
结论:
- 非洲的自闭症患病率似乎与高收入国家相当,尽管方法异质.
- 在高风险查和确诊的自闭症诊断之间存在很大的差距.
- 非洲迫切需要扩大诊断服务和为初级卫生保健专业人员提供培训.
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