在宫癌查中部分HPV基因型鉴定的临床相关性
Aarno Leino1, Eero Numminen1, Saara Kares2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Scientific reports
|February 4, 2026
概括
部分人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 基因型鉴定,特别识别HPV16和HPV18,可以提高宫癌查. 这种有针对性的方法改善了在芬兰妇女中检测高度状内皮病变或更严重的状内皮病变 (HSIL+) 的检测.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 部分人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 基因定型越来越多地用于在宫癌查中对HPV阳性女性进行分类.
- 芬兰的国家查计划旨在有效管理HPV感染并预防宫癌.
研究的目的:
- 评估芬兰子宫癌查计划中针对HPV基因型16和18的分离分拣的有效性.
- 评估特定HPV基因型与检测高度状内皮损伤或更严重 (HSIL+) 之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 分析了接受初级HPV查 (2012-2023) 的76,482名妇女的数据.
- 部分基因定型确定了HPV16,HPV18,以及其他12种高风险HPV类型.
- 评估了HPV基因型,年龄和HSIL+检测之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 在HR-HPV阳性女性中,HPV16 (37.3%) 的HSIL+患病率最高,其次是HPV18 (26.0%) 和其他HR-HPV类型 (20.3%).
- 与其他HR-HPV类型相比,HPV16感染的持久性更高,HSIL+的风险明显增加 (单一感染的OR为2.41,并发感染的OR为3.86),特别是在细胞质正常的女性中.
- 随着年龄的增长,HSIL+的检测率下降,45岁以下的女性的检测率更高.
结论:
- 整合特定年龄的策略和部分HPV16/18基因型鉴定可以增强芬兰的宫癌查计划.
- 一个精细的分拣模型,包括HPV16/18阳性女性的立即肠镜转诊,可以改善患者管理和查效率.
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