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[儿童和青少年的分化甲状腺癌]
E V Nagaeva1, E B Bricheva1, D N Brovin1
1Endocrinology Research Centre.
儿科分化甲状腺癌 (DTC) 具有独特的临床和分子特征. 早期诊断,分子检测和专门中心的量身定制手术对于有效管理这种罕见但具有攻击性的癌症至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科内分泌学 儿科内分泌学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子遗传学 分子遗传学
背景情况:
- 儿童甲状腺结节很少见,但具有高恶性瘤风险.
- 讨论了儿科甲状腺癌的最佳治疗策略,包括手术,放射性治疗 (RAI) 和分子检测.
- 儿科患者的分化甲状腺癌 (DTC) 面临着独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 分析儿童差异化甲状腺癌 (DTC) 的临床过程和治疗结果.
- 根据十年的临床经验,评估手术和联合治疗方法.
- 强调多学科方法对小儿甲状腺癌管理的重要性.
主要方法:
- 对980名接受甲状腺结节手术的儿科和青少年患者 (2015-2024) 的回顾性分析.
- 诊断方案包括病史,体检,超声波,细针吸收活检和组织病理学.
- 在特定情况下进行了分子遗传测试;中位数随访时间为12个月.
主要成果:
- 51.6%的患者患有恶性瘤;472人患有DTC (48.5%的总人数). 乳头甲状腺癌是最常见的 (88.5%).
- 区域性淋巴结转移发生在21%的患者中;远程肺转移发生在5.7%的患者中. 复发率为5.1%;持久率为16.5%.
- 在66名儿童的分子测试中,发现了53.1%的致病变体 (DICER1,PTEN,APC基因).
结论:
- 儿科DTC表现出明显的临床和分子特征,需要专门的护理.
- 恶性瘤的高风险,区域传播和特定的分子形状强调了早期诊断的必要性.
- 在专业中心整合分子测试和个性化手术策略对于最佳结果至关重要.
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