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估计全球公共卫生安全准备能力:SPAR和JEE的贡献
Kamal Bishowkarma1, Cynthia Bell1, Shanlong Ding2
1World Health Organization, Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland.
Dialogues in health
|February 5, 2026
概括
全球卫生安全依赖于准确的能力评估. 最近的评估显示,各缔约国的年度自我评估 (SPAR) 和联合外部评估 (JEE) 工具之间的协议有所改善,尽管一些领域需要进一步改进.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生安全 全球卫生安全
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
- 国际卫生法规 国际卫生法规
背景情况:
- "国际卫生条例" (2005年) 第54条要求世卫组织缔约国报告疾病预防和应对能力.
- 缔约国的年度自我评估 (SPAR) 和联合外部评估 (JEE) 是评估这些能力的关键工具.
- 对SPAR和JEE之间的协议缺乏长期的全球分析.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较SPAR和JEE评估之间的定量能力得分.
- 评估SPAR和JEE之间的协议随着时间的推移以及不同地区和收入群体.
主要方法:
- 生态研究设计,比较来自108个SPAR和JEE评估 (2016-2023) 的1445个与指标匹配的对联观察结果.
- 来自93个缔约国的数据使用混合效应方法进行了分析.
- 评估在工具版本,年份,地区和收入群体之间进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,SPAR分数高于JEE分数,在3至4级能力水平达成的协议最少.
- 在最近的版本 (2022-2023) 中,SPAR和JEE之间的一致性显著改善.
- 在感染预防和控制,与医疗保健相关的感染监测以及国家IHR焦点职能方面仍存在分歧.
结论:
- 在最近的版本中,SPAR和JEE之间的改进对齐加强了它们的实用性.
- 确定指标分歧的特定领域为工具改进提供了基础.
- 这些发现支持对这些基本公共卫生安全评估工具的持续改进.
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