时间显式生命周期评估:一个灵活的框架,以连贯考虑时间动态
Amelie Müller1,2, Timo Diepers3, Arthur Jakobs4
1Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, Leiden, RA 2300 The Netherlands.
概括
一个新的时间明确的生命周期评估 (LCA) 框架考虑了过程和排放的时间动态. 这种方法为不断发展的系统和长寿命产品提供了更准确的环境影响评估.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 工业生态学 工业生态学
- 可持续性科学 可持续性科学
背景情况:
- 传统的生命周期评估 (LCA) 缺乏时间考虑,限制了不断发展的系统的准确性.
- 现有的动态和未来的LCA方法不能完全整合时间分布和演变.
- 需要一个全面的方法来解决LCA中的时间维度.
研究的目的:
- 引入一个新的时间明确的生命周期评估 (LCA) 框架.
- 将产品系统的时间分布和演变整合到生命周期库存 (LCI) 阶段.
- 支持在生命周期影响评估 (LCIA) 阶段对排放的动态表征.
主要方法:
- 扩展LCA矩阵以纳入时间和基于时间的变化.
- 使用最好的第一个图形穿越来实现中间流的绝对时间线生成.
- 将特定时间的数据集成到技术和生物圈矩阵中,以实现动态的LCIA.
- 在Brightway生态系统中使用开源Python包 (bw_timex) 实现框架.
主要成果:
- 展示了一个简化的电动汽车 (EV) 案例研究.
- 时间明确的LCA显示EV全球变暖影响为碳减排场景的传统LCA的一半.
- 由于特定时间的库存数据,与传统和未来的LCA相比,突出显著的差异.
- 在电动汽车生命周期中展示了瞬间和累积的辐射强迫.
结论:
- 时间明确的LCA通过考虑过程和排放的时间来提供更具代表性的结果.
- 该框架对于时间变化或快速发展的系统中的长寿命产品特别有价值.
- 未来的工作应该解决数据缺口,并将时间显式LCA与空间LCA和动态材料流分析整合起来.
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