老年人肉症:患病率和与抑郁症和体力活动的联系
Wen-Na Sha1, Dan Chen2, Hua-Fang Li2
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine One, Xiasha Campus, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China.
背景:
肌少症是一种常见的致残性老年综合征,常伴随抑郁和身体活动不足,形成加速功能衰退的恶性循环。然而,关于中国老年人群中这些相互关系的医院数据仍十分有限。本研究旨在确定老年住院及门诊患者中肌少症的患病率,并验证肌少症与较高的抑郁评分和较低的客观测量身体活动水平独立相关的假设。
Aim:
确定老年人群中肌少症的患病率及其与抑郁和身体活动的关联。
方法:
在这项横断面研究中,招募了346名年龄≥60岁的成年人via从医院老年病科进行便利抽样。采用 SPSS 26.0 进行数据分析。描述性统计学方法,t-测试,χ 2采用 Spearman 相关性检验和二元逻辑回归分析来考察组间差异、变量间的相关性以及肌少症的独立预测因子。
结果:
在346名参与者中,有62人被诊断为肌肉减少症(17.92%)。在年龄、体重指数(BMI)、冠状动脉疾病、高血压、四肢骨骼肌质量指数(ASMI)、握力和6米步行速度方面,各组间差异具有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。患有肌肉减少症的个体报告的体力活动明显较低:低活动水平的比例更高,且老年人体力活动量表(Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, PASE)得分更低(P< 0.001)。Spearman 相关性分析显示,ASMI、握力和步速与抑郁症状呈负相关,而与身体活动呈正相关(P< 0.01)。Logistic回归分析在调整年龄、BMI、冠心病和高血压因素后,证实30项老年抑郁量表和PASE评分可独立预测肌肉减少症P< 0.05)
结论:
肌少症与中国台湾老年住院患者中的抑郁和体力活动不足相关,提示临床实践中需要进行综合筛查和全面管理。
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