精神分裂症患者的自我报告对元认知的评估:系统性审查
S Varadharajan1, Natarajan Shanmugasundaram2, L Kannan3
1Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian journal of psychological medicine
|February 5, 2026
概括
对精神分裂症的自我报告元认知工具显示出强大的可靠性和有效性. 这些措施有助于诊断,症状跟踪和治疗计划,改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和认知神经科学
- 心理测量和健康测量方法
背景情况:
- 超认知,即反思和调节自己的认知过程的能力,在精神分裂症中至关重要.
- 超认知缺陷对精神分裂症患者的洞察力,治疗坚持和功能结果产生影响.
- 自我报告措施通常用于评估元认知,但它们的心理测量特性和临床实用性需要严格的评估.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查精神分裂症成年人的自我报告元认知措施的可靠性,有效性和临床适用性.
- 综合这些工具的心理测量特性和临床实用性的证据.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南进行系统审查,注册在PROSPERO.
- 搜索了五个数据库 (PubMed,PsycINFO,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus) 来查找从2014年到2024年的研究.
- 包括对患有精神分裂症/精神分裂情绪障碍的成年人的研究,使用自我报告的元认知措施,用COSMIN检查清单评估质量.
主要成果:
- 从2,437个记录中包括了36项研究;大多数工具 (例如,BCIS,MAS,MCQ-30) 显示出高的内部一致性 (α = 0.70-0.95) 和构造有效性.
- 超认知缺陷与更严重的症状严重性,社会功能不佳和治疗响应减少有关.
- 更高的自我反思和认知灵活性预测了更好的临床和职业结果.
结论:
- 在精神分裂症中,自我报告的元认知测量显示出强大的心理测量特性.
- 这些工具在诊断,监测症状和指导康复策略方面具有重要的临床实用性.
- 进一步的研究应该解决自我报告准确性,纵向验证和跨文化适应方面的局限性.
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