在外科手术中安全和道德地实施人工智能的治理框架:修改后的德尔菲共识
Abbas M Hassan1, J Henk Coert2, Mark W Clemens3
1Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
Journal of the American College of Surgeons
|February 5, 2026
概括
一个新的框架指导人工智能 (AI) 临床决策支持系统 (CDSS) 在外科手术中的伦理和安全采用. 这种以共识为导向的方法解决了对负责任的人工智能集成的技术,临床,伦理和偏见问题.
科学领域:
- 手术创新 在外科创新.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 支持人工智能 (AI) 的临床决策支持系统 (CDSS) 在特定的医疗任务中表现出专家级的表现.
- 严重的实施缺陷以及道德,隐私和法律方面的担忧阻碍了AI CDSS在外科手术中的整合.
- 需要治理框架,以确保负责任的AI采用,防止护理变化,并减轻手术环境中的算法偏见.
研究的目的:
- 建立一个系统的,以证据为基础的,共识驱动的框架,以道德,有效和可持续地采用人工智能支持的CDSS在手术中.
- 为在外科实践中应对人工智能实施的复杂性提供基本指导.
主要方法:
- 进行了主要数据库 (PubMed,Cochrane图书馆,Medline,Embase) 的系统文献审查,直到2024年.
- 从80篇全文文章中确定了关键的AI治理主题.
- 通过使用修改后的Delphi方法,通过多轮专家小组的共识过程来改进候选项目.
主要成果:
- 主题分析揭示了四个核心的人工智能治理主题:技术先决条件和模型设计,临床实施和人为因素,道德,安全和可靠性,偏见,公平和公平.
- 通过专家小组的共识,制定了19项框架.
- 该框架为手术人工智能治理提供了必要的指导.
结论:
- 提出的框架为在外科手术中安全和道德地实施AI支持的CDSS提供了关键的指导.
- 解决四个核心主题有助于负责任的AI采用,并推进数据驱动的外科实践.
- 减轻潜在风险是加速向先进手术护理过渡的关键.
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