相关实验视频
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

08:49
External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
Published on: June 6, 2020
15.9K
确定中枢神经系统中MSSA感染的安全有效的Cefazolin剂量方案:利用稀缺的现实数据和PBPK建模
Samuel Dubinsky1, Mark McIntyre2,3, Min-Soo Kim4
1Department of Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. sam.dubinsky@nshealth.ca.
European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics
|February 5, 2026
概括
塞法林可以有效地治疗中枢神经系统 (中枢神经系统) 感染,这种感染是由对甲素敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌 (MSSA) 引起的. 可能需要更高的剂量或持续输注才能在中枢神经系统中达到足够的药物度.
科学领域:
- 药理动力学和药理动力学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 神经外科 神经外科
背景情况:
- 中枢神经系统 (CNS) 感染存在重大风险.
- 塞法林用于手术预防,但其治疗中枢神经系统感染的治疗用途仍在争论中.
- 在中枢神经系统中达到足够的塞法林度是一个关键问题.
研究的目的:
- 评估中枢神经系统中塞法佐林的剂量-暴露-反应关系.
- 在中枢神经系统中开发一种基于生理学的药理动力学 (PBPK) 模型,用于中枢神经系统中塞法林.
- 为了确定治疗中枢神经系统感染的最佳剂量方案.
主要方法:
- 使用PK-Sim和稀疏的脑脊液 (CSF) 数据开发了一个PBPK模型.
- 模拟研究了标准和替代的塞法林剂量方案.
- 药学动力学目标包括100%的时间超过最小抑制度 (MIC) 和神经毒性值.
主要成果:
- 塞法佐林CSF-PBPK模型与观察到的数据成功验证.
- 模拟表明需要更高的间歇剂量 (2000 mg q6h) 或连续输液 (8-10 g/天) 才能达到90%的针对MSSA的目标,MIC ≤2 mg/L.
- 预测的塞法林度仍然低于神经毒性值.
结论:
- 这项研究提出了首个在CSF中Cefazolin药理动学的机制模型.
- 这些发现支持塞法林作为治疗MSSA引起的中枢神经系统感染的潜力.
- 该模型可以帮助规划未来的临床试验中枢神经系统感染中塞法林.
相关概念视频
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
788
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
788
Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose
2.4K
Fixed-dose regimens are a common approach to administer drugs to achieve and maintain desired levels of the drug in the body. In this dosing strategy, a specific amount of medication is given at regular intervals, often multiple times a day, to ensure a consistent drug concentration in the bloodstream.
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
2.4K
Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose
5.5K
A rational dosage regimen considers a drug's pharmacokinetics, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from the body. By understanding these factors, the appropriate dosage can be determined, and the dosing schedule can be designed to achieve and maintain the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects.
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady...
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady...
5.5K
Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview
4.5K
A drug dosage regimen describes the specific instructions and schedule for administering a drug to a patient. It considers factors such as drug dosage, frequency, route of administration, and duration of treatment. Designing an appropriate dosage regimen for a patient aims to achieve a target drug concentration at the site of action.
Typically, the starting dose and dosing interval are guided by the manufacturer's recommendations based on clinical trials conducted during and after drug...
Typically, the starting dose and dosing interval are guided by the manufacturer's recommendations based on clinical trials conducted during and after drug...
4.5K
Guidelines and Strategies for Safe Computer Charting
2.7K
The guidelines and strategies provided by the American Nurses Association (ANA) and the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) offer essential principles for ensuring safe and secure computer charting systems in healthcare settings. Let's break down each recommendation:
Maintain Confidentiality and Security:
Maintain Confidentiality and Security:
2.7K
Dosage Regimen: Individualization
187
Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
187

