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来自植物性或杂食饮食模式的家庭婴儿的成长轨迹

Kerem Avital¹, Naomi Fliss-Isakov^2,3,4, Danit R Shahar¹

¹Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Community Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.

JAMA network open

|February 5, 2026

概括

婴儿的生长在素食和万食饮食中是相似的,尽管早期体重不足在素食婴儿中更为常见. 到24个月,生长差异减少,这表明素食饮食对婴儿发育是安全的.

科学领域:

儿童营养学儿童营养学
饮食模式饮食模式
婴儿成长监测婴儿成长监测

背景情况:

由于人口增长数据有限,婴儿素食饮食的安全性受到争议.
评估不同家庭饮食模式的婴儿生长轨迹至关重要.

研究的目的:

研究家庭饮食模式 (素食主义者,素食者,万食者) 与婴儿生长轨迹之间的关联.
为了评估婴儿的体重,长度和头周围与母亲的饮食有关.

主要方法:

对以色列100多万婴儿 (2014-2023) 的回顾性队列研究.
24个月的随访,使用线性混合效应模型分析增长.
产后至少6个月记录的饮食模式;结果包括身高,体重,头周长,发育迟缓,体重不足和超重.

主要成果:

早期婴儿期的长度和长度对年龄的z-score在饮食组之间显示出极小的差异 (≤0.3).
发育不良的发病率相似 (7.0%-7.1%),但早期体重不足在素食婴儿中更高 (aOR 1.37).
在24个月后,在所有饮食群体中,发育迟缓,体重不足和超重都相似;平均生长差异在临床上很小 (<0.2z-score).

结论:

来自素食家庭的婴儿在24个月时表现出与食肉类同行类似的生长模式.
虽然早期体重不足在素食婴儿中更频繁,但在24个月大时,这种情况正常化.
这些发现对发达国家的素食饮食有信心;建议进一步研究饮食质量和咨询.

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