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在公共卫生领域的"邪恶"分歧中航行

Safura Abdool Karim1, Ruth Faden1, Anne Barnhill1

  • 1Safura Abdool Karim is with the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban. Ruth Faden, Anne Barnhill, Jeff Kahn, Nancy Kass, Anna Mastroanni, and Stephanie Morain are with the Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. Virginia A. Brown and Vardit Ravitsky are with the Hastings Center for Bioethics, Garrison, NY. Reed Tuckson is with Tuckson Health Connections LLC, Atlanta, GA.

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PubMed
概括

公共卫生面临着"邪恶"的分歧,政治身份融合了事实和价值观,使传统的说服力变得无效. 需要新的战略来应对这些两极分化的公共卫生挑战,并保护人口.

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科学领域:

  • 公共卫生 公共卫生
  • 社会和行为科学 社会和行为科学
  • 卫生政策 卫生政策

背景情况:

  • 从历史上看,公共卫生在价值观和事实上存在分歧.
  • 最近的趋势显示",邪恶"的分歧越来越多,政治认同与事实信念和道德承诺交织在一起.
  • 传统的公共卫生说服方法,如基于证据的上诉,在这些两极分化的背景下越来越无效.

研究的目的:

  • 定义和描述公共卫生中"邪恶"分歧的概念.
  • 分析融合政治身份,事实和价值观对公共卫生决策的影响.
  • 为公共卫生提出新的战略,以便在两极分化的环境中有效运作.

主要方法:

  • "邪恶问题"框架的概念分析和调整.
  • 检查政治身份,事实信念和道德承诺的融合.
  • 讨论传统公共卫生沟通和说服工具的局限性.

主要成果:

  • "邪恶"的分歧的特点是事实,价值观和政治身份的深度融合,而不是争议中的具体问题.
  • 这种融合使得标准的公共卫生沟通策略,包括呼吁证据或共同价值观,在很大程度上是无效的.
  • 两极分化的背景是理解这些分歧的难以解决的核心.

结论:

  • 公共卫生必须制定适应性策略,以应对"邪恶"的分歧.
  • 建议的策略包括持续的社区参与,关于不确定性的透明沟通,以及对指导的公开修订.
  • 目标不是达成共识,而是建立可靠的健康保护方法,在一个分散的公共领域.