刚硬和软软的背部支外骨会影响生物机械和感知需求,但在模拟的带安装过程中以不同的方式
Jiwon Choi1, Sunwook Kim1, Ahmad Raza Usmani1
1Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Applied ergonomics
|February 5, 2026
概括
被动背部支外骨架 (BSE) 可以通过减少肌肉应变来帮助屋顶带. 刚性BSE降低背部肌肉的激活,而柔软的BSE降低干部曲,两者都降低了力,但引起了不同的不适.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人体工程学就是人体工程学.
背景情况:
- 屋顶带涉及高物理要求,特别是在背部下部.
- 被动背支外骨架 (BSE) 是一种新兴技术,可以缓解这些需求.
研究的目的:
- 在模拟的屋顶带作业中研究刚性和软BSE的生物力学影响.
- 为了比较不同类型的BSE,任务定向和屋顶斜率对身体劳动和不适的影响.
主要方法:
- 18名参与者在12个条件下模拟了带安装 (3个BSE水平x2个方向x2个斜率).
- 测量包括腰部肌肉激活,干部曲以及感知到的劳累/不适.
主要成果:
- 刚性BSE显著降低腰部肌肉激活 (11-17%),但没有改变干部曲.
- 柔软的BSE减少了干部曲 (~4%) 而不会影响肌肉激活.
- 两种BSE都减少了感知下背部的运动 (~16%),但刚性BSE增加了腿部的不适 (~26%) 和软BSE增加了肩膀的运动 (~19%).
结论:
- 被动背部支外骨显示出降低屋顶带的物理需求的潜力.
- 刚性和软BSE之间的选择取决于平衡特定的生物力学益处与诸如增加的腿部或肩部不适等权衡.
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